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Anxiety, Depression and Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Health Workers: The Relationship with Burnout during COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Lucio Ghio

    (Psychiatry Branch, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Sara Patti

    (Psychiatry Branch, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Giulia Piccinini

    (Psychiatry Branch, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Cinzia Modafferi

    (V.I.E. Development, Innovation, Empowerment srl Spinoff, University of Genoa, Via Eugenia Ravasco 12, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Eleonora Lusetti

    (Psychiatry Branch, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Massimo Mazzella

    (Maternal and Infant Department, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy)

  • Massimo Del Sette

    (Neurology Unit, Galliera Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine, 14, 16128 Genoa, Italy
    San Martino Polyclinic Hospital IRCCS, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy)

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HW) have faced an extremely difficult work environment, with an increased workload and traumatic events. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HW’s mental wellbeing. We analyzed the correlations between levels of burnout and other mental health disorders and we searched for the presence of specific risk factors of post-traumatic symptomatology related to the pandemic. A structured an on-line questionnaire and validated instruments were completed by a sample of HW from some hospitals in Genoa, Italy. Anxious, depressive, post-traumatic and other psychological symptoms were assessed and risk factors, related to the pandemic, were considered. Then, we investigated the correlation between levels of burnout and the risk of developing psychopathology. A total of 731 HW were screened, and we found increased levels of anxiety (61%), depression (62%), PTSD (34%) and high levels of burnout; especially emotional exhaustion (37%). A statistically significant association between burnout and insomnia, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms was demonstrated. This study indicates that during the COVID-19 pandemic, HW showed high levels of psychological distress and that burnout is an important predictor of sufferance. These findings support the idea to provide psychological and psychiatric support for HW.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucio Ghio & Sara Patti & Giulia Piccinini & Cinzia Modafferi & Eleonora Lusetti & Massimo Mazzella & Massimo Del Sette, 2021. "Anxiety, Depression and Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Health Workers: The Relationship with Burnout during COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9929-:d:640015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paula Franklin & Anna Gkiouleka, 2021. "A Scoping Review of Psychosocial Risks to Health Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Rodolfo Buselli & Sigrid Baldanzi & Martina Corsi & Martina Chiumiento & Elena Del Lupo & Claudia Carmassi & Liliana Dell’Osso & Alfonso Cristaudo, 2020. "Psychological Care of Health Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Report of an Occupational Health Department (AOUP) Responsible for Monitoring Hospital Staff Condition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Bartosz Dalewski & Lukasz Palka & Paweł Kiczmer & Ewa Sobolewska, 2021. "The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on the Polish Dental Community’s Standards of Care—A Six-Month Retrospective Survey-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-14, January.
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    1. Caterina Primi & Monica Giuli & Emanuele Baroni & Vanessa Zurkirch & Matteo Galanti & Laura Belloni & Costanza Gori & Maria Anna Donati, 2023. "The Individual- and Organization-Related Stressors in Pandemic Scale for Healthcare Workers (IOSPS-HW): Development and Psychometric Properties of a New Instrument to Assess Individual and Organizatio," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-17, February.

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