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Long-Term Changes in Older Adults’ Independence Levels for Performing Activities of Daily Living in Care Settings: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Study

Author

Listed:
  • Takuhiro Okabe

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, 2-15-1 Inariyama, Sayama 350-1398, Japan)

  • Makoto Suzuki

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, 2-15-1 Inariyama, Sayama 350-1398, Japan)

  • Naoki Iso

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, 2-15-1 Inariyama, Sayama 350-1398, Japan)

  • Koji Tanaka

    (Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showamachi, Maebashi 371-8514, Japan)

  • Akira Sagari

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan)

  • Hironori Miyata

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumimachi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan)

  • Gwanghee Han

    (Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan)

  • Michio Maruta

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Corporation, Sanshukai, Okatsu Hospital, 3-95, Masagohonmachi, Kagoshima 890-0067, Japan)

  • Takayuki Tabira

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan)

  • Masahiro Kawagoe

    (Graduate Course of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, 820, Sannomiya, Koshigaya 343-8540, Japan)

Abstract

This study aimed to clarify the variability in the independence profiles of specific activities of daily living (ADL) among older men and women. The research subjects were 5872 older adults (1143 men and 4729 women) certified as requiring nursing care or support (based on data obtained from the nursing care insurance certification survey database) who could be surveyed in both 2009 and 2018. Using item response theory, this study compared longitudinal data of difficulties faced by older adults during ADL. The results indicated that among the long-term care insurance-certified persons, in 2009, men had higher ADL difficulty than women in all ADL items, and in 2018, there was no significant difference in items other than dressing and excretion. Furthermore, the difference in the rate of ADL difficulty level over 9 years was significantly higher in women than in men. It was shown that the progression of ADL disability due to aging is faster in men on a yearly basis, but it increases in women with aging. Therefore, it was suggested that the rate of ADL difficulty varies depending on age and sex.

Suggested Citation

  • Takuhiro Okabe & Makoto Suzuki & Naoki Iso & Koji Tanaka & Akira Sagari & Hironori Miyata & Gwanghee Han & Michio Maruta & Takayuki Tabira & Masahiro Kawagoe, 2021. "Long-Term Changes in Older Adults’ Independence Levels for Performing Activities of Daily Living in Care Settings: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9641-:d:634609
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michio Maruta & Takayuki Tabira & Hyuma Makizako & Akira Sagari & Hironori Miyata & Koji Yoshimitsu & Gwanghee Han & Kazuhiro Yoshiura & Masahiro Kawagoe, 2019. "Impact of Outpatient Rehabilitation Service in Preventing the Deterioration of the Care-Needs Level Among Japanese Older Adults Availing Long-Term Care Insurance: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Anne Case & Christina Paxson, 2005. "Sex differences in morbidity and mortality," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(2), pages 189-214, May.
    3. Dunlop, D.D. & Hughes, S.L. & Manheim, L.M., 1997. "Disability in activities of daily living: Patterns of change and a hierarchy of disability," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(3), pages 378-383.
    4. James W. Vaupel, 2010. "Biodemography of human ageing," Nature, Nature, vol. 464(7288), pages 536-542, March.
    5. Andrew Kingston & Joanna Collerton & Karen Davies & John Bond & Louise Robinson & Carol Jagger, 2012. "Losing the Ability in Activities of Daily Living in the Oldest Old: A Hierarchic Disability Scale from the Newcastle 85+ Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(2), pages 1-7, February.
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