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Effectiveness of Therapeutic Gardens for People with Dementia: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Veronica Murroni

    (Department of General Psychology, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Raffaele Cavalli

    (Department of Land Environment Agriculture and Forestry, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy)

  • Andrea Basso

    (“Giotto” Social Cooperative, 35127 Padova, Italy)

  • Erika Borella

    (Department of General Psychology, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Chiara Meneghetti

    (Department of General Psychology, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Andrea Melendugno

    (Casa Madre Teresa di Calcutta (O.P.S.A.), 35030 Padova, Italy)

  • Francesca Pazzaglia

    (Department of General Psychology, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
    Inter-University Research Center in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), 00185 Roma, Italy)

Abstract

This paper is a systematic review of quantitative studies conducted on the benefits of visiting gardens and gardening therapy for people with dementia (PWD) in an effort to assess the effectiveness of such treatments and obtain information on the most appropriate garden design for this population. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. Four databases were searched (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus), with no time limits. Out of a total of 480 articles considered, 16 studies were selected for review. In all but two of the studies examined, gardening therapy and the use of therapeutic gardens induced psychophysiological improvements in PWD. The areas showing the greatest effects were Engagement, Agitation, Depression/Mood, Stress, and Medication. It also emerged that interest in this sphere has been growing in the last decade, but there is still a shortage of empirical evidence of the beneficial effects of therapeutic gardens in relation to the type and severity of dementia, and of garden design guidelines. Despite the limited number of studies investigated, the review confirmed the benefits of gardening and therapeutic gardens in PWD. There is nonetheless a need to conduct more quantitative research to support currently-available evidence and generate more information, focusing on garden design criteria, in-garden activities, the type and severity of dementia examined, and effects on caregivers as well as on PWD.

Suggested Citation

  • Veronica Murroni & Raffaele Cavalli & Andrea Basso & Erika Borella & Chiara Meneghetti & Andrea Melendugno & Francesca Pazzaglia, 2021. "Effectiveness of Therapeutic Gardens for People with Dementia: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-25, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9595-:d:633777
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anna Staniewska, 2022. "Gardens of Historic Mental Health Hospitals and Their Potential Use for Green Therapy Purposes," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-23, September.
    2. Theresa L. Scott & Ying-Ling Jao & Kristen Tulloch & Eloise Yates & Oliver Kenward & Nancy A. Pachana, 2022. "Well-Being Benefits of Horticulture-Based Activities for Community Dwelling People with Dementia: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Dominik Sędzicki & Jan Cudzik & Lucyna Nyka, 2023. "Computer-Aided Greenery Design—Prototype Green Structure Improving Human Health in Urban Ecosystem," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-20, January.
    4. Mihaela ZAMFIR & Ileana CIOBANU & Andreea Georgiana MARIN & Mihai-Viorel ZAMFIR, 2023. "Collective housing for seniors in Romania,in a paradigm ofactive and healthy ageing in community–from smartadaptation to architectural and design innovation," Smart Cities International Conference (SCIC) Proceedings, Smart-EDU Hub, Faculty of Public Administration, National University of Political Studies & Public Administration, vol. 11, pages 253-274, June.
    5. Nina Oher & Jonna Tingberg & Anna Bengtsson, 2024. "The Design of Health Promoting Outdoor Environments for People with Young-Onset Dementia—A Study from a Rehabilitation Garden," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-41, August.

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