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COVID-19 Screening by Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seropositivity: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Food Intake Quality

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    Department of Public Health, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • José Francisco Muñoz-Valle

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Patricia Yokogawa-Teraoka

    (COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    Department of Social Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbarán

    (Institute for Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer (INICIA), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • María Guadalupe Loza-Rojas

    (Department of Applied Clinical Nursing, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Atziri Citlally García-Arredondo

    (Department of Applied Clinical Nursing, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Rafael Tejeda-Constantini

    (Institutional System of Safety, Health and Environment (SISSMA), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Alejandra Natali Vega-Magaña

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    Emerging and Reemerging Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory (LaDEER), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Guillermo González-Estevez

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    Department of Social Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Mariel García-Chagollán

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    Emerging and Reemerging Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory (LaDEER), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño

    (Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Pathology Laboratory, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

  • Jorge Hernández-Bello

    (Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
    COVID-19 Health Situation Room, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico)

Abstract

Developing countries have reported lower molecular diagnostic testing levels due to a lack of resources. Therefore, antibody tests represent an alternative to detect exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and analyze possible risk factors. We aimed to describe and compare the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and the quality of food intake in Mexican individuals with a positive or negative test to antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We carried out antibody tests and applied a survey to 1799 individuals; 42% were positive, and diabetes was more prevalent in these cases ( p < 0.01). No differences were identified in the blood type nor influenza vaccination between groups. Coughing, respiratory distress, muscle pain, joint pain, and anosmia were the most prevalent symptoms among seropositive cases ( p < 0.0001). Food intake quality was similar in both groups, except for the most consumed type of fat ( p = 0.006). In conclusion, this study supports the association of diabetes as a principal risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Mexican population. The results do not support previous associations between blood group or influenza vaccination as protective factors against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, frequent consumption of polyunsaturated fats is highlighted as a new possible associated factor with COVID-19, which more studies should corroborate as with all novel findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda & José Francisco Muñoz-Valle & Patricia Yokogawa-Teraoka & Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbarán & María Guadalupe Loza-Rojas & Atziri Citlally García-Arredondo & Rafael Tejeda-Consta, 2021. "COVID-19 Screening by Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seropositivity: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Food Intake Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:8995-:d:622538
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Zietz & Jason Zucker & Nicholas P. Tatonetti, 2020. "Associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-6, December.
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