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Physical Activity Interventions and Their Effects on Cognitive Function in People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • Maria Isabel Cardona

    (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Ellernholzstr. 1–2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany)

  • Adel Afi

    (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Ellernholzstr. 1–2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany)

  • Nemanja Lakicevic

    (Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy)

  • Jochen René Thyrian

    (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Ellernholzstr. 1–2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
    Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1–2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany)

Abstract

Background: Physical activity (PA) has emerged as an alternative nonpharmacological approach to effectively address the effects of dementia. The primary aim was to identify and summarize PA interventions and their effects on cognitive function among persons with dementia (PwD). Methods: A systematic review was conducted with a meta-analysis using different electronic databases, such as PubMed, Embase, APA PsycNET, and the Web of Science. The identified and selected studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were written in English, published between 2000 and 2020, and implemented among PwD who received a PA intervention and whose cognitive function was measured at baseline and during a follow-up. Results: Twenty-two PA intervention studies met the eligibility criteria and showed a medium-size effect on the cognitive function of PwD, 0.4803 (95% CI = 0.1901–0.7704), with a high percentage of heterogeneity (I 2 = 86%, p ≤ 0.0001). Moreover, this review complements other reviews by including eight studies that have not previously been considered. Overall, studies have methodological limitations. However, six studies implemented in the past five years have shown more robust methodological designs, including larger sample sizes and more comprehensive measurement tools. Conclusion: It is not yet possible to draw a conclusion on the ideal PA intervention for this population due to the high proportion of heterogeneity within the included studies. More emphasis is needed on the intensity of PA monitoring and adherence to such programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Isabel Cardona & Adel Afi & Nemanja Lakicevic & Jochen René Thyrian, 2021. "Physical Activity Interventions and Their Effects on Cognitive Function in People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8753-:d:617527
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Isabel Cardona & Marina Weißenborn & Isabel Zöllinger & Eric Sven Kroeber & Alexander Bauer & Melanie Luppa & Alexander Pabst & David Czock & Hans-Helmut König & Birgitt Wiese & Jochen Gensichen, 2022. "Physical Activity Determinants in Older German Adults at Increased Dementia Risk with Multimorbidity: Baseline Results of the AgeWell.de Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Yulisna Mutia Sari & Elissa Burton & Den-Ching A. Lee & Keith D. Hill, 2023. "A Telehealth Home-Based Exercise Program for Community-Dwelling Older People with Dementia in Indonesia: A Feasibility Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Shengwen Zhou & Sitong Chen & Xiaolei Liu & Yanjie Zhang & Mengxian Zhao & Wenjiao Li, 2022. "Physical Activity Improves Cognition and Activities of Daily Living in Adults with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, January.

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