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Unfixed Movement Route Model, Non-Overcrowding and Social Distancing Reduce the Spread of COVID-19 in Sporting Facilities

Author

Listed:
  • Bote Qi

    (Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Jingwang Tan

    (Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Qingwen Zhang

    (College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai 200438, China)

  • Meng Cao

    (Institute of Physical Education, Normal College, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nan Hai Road, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Xingxiong Wang

    (College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, 92 Wei Jin Road, Tianjin 300072, China)

  • Yu Zou

    (Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China)

Abstract

Localized outbreaks of COVID-19 have been reported in sporting facilities. This study used the Agent-based Modeling (ABM) method to analyze the transmission rate of COVID-19 in different sporting models, sporting spaces per capita, and situations of gathering, which contributes to understanding how COVID-19 transmits in sports facilities. The simulation results show that the transmission rate of COVID-19 was higher under the Fixed Movement Route (FMR) than under the Unfixed Movement Route (UMR) in 10 different sporting spaces per capita (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 m 2 ) ( p = 0.000). For both FMR and UMR, the larger the sporting space per capita, the lower the virus transmission rate. Additionally, when the sporting space per capita increases from 4 m 2 to 5 m 2 , the virus transmission rate decreases most significantly ( p = 0.000). In the FMR model with a per capita sporting space of 5 m 2 , minimizing gathering (no more than three people) could significantly slow down the transmission rate of the COVID-19 virus ( p < 0.05). This study concluded that: (1) The UMR model is suggested in training facilities or playing grounds; (2) The sporting space should be non-overcrowding, and it is recommended that the sporting space per capita in the sporting grounds should not be less than 5 m 2 ; (3) It is important to maintain safe social distancing and minimize gathering (no more than three people) when exercising.

Suggested Citation

  • Bote Qi & Jingwang Tan & Qingwen Zhang & Meng Cao & Xingxiong Wang & Yu Zou, 2021. "Unfixed Movement Route Model, Non-Overcrowding and Social Distancing Reduce the Spread of COVID-19 in Sporting Facilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-9, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8212-:d:607372
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xingjie Hao & Shanshan Cheng & Degang Wu & Tangchun Wu & Xihong Lin & Chaolong Wang, 2020. "Reconstruction of the full transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in Wuhan," Nature, Nature, vol. 584(7821), pages 420-424, August.
    2. Yunhwan Kim & Hohyung Ryu & Sunmi Lee, 2018. "Agent-Based Modeling for Super-Spreading Events: A Case Study of MERS-CoV Transmission Dynamics in the Republic of Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, October.
    3. Fei Qin & Yiqing Song & George P Nassis & Lina Zhao & Yanan Dong & Cuicui Zhao & Yiwei Feng & Jiexiu Zhao, 2020. "Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-16, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bong Gu Kang & Hee-Mun Park & Mi Jang & Kyung-Min Seo, 2021. "Hybrid Model-Based Simulation Analysis on the Effects of Social Distancing Policy of the COVID-19 Epidemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-17, October.

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