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Perfectionism, Motives, and Barriers to Exercise from a Person-Oriented Approach

Author

Listed:
  • María Vicent

    (Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Apdo. Correos, 99, 03080 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain)

  • Ricardo Sanmartín

    (Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Apdo. Correos, 99, 03080 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain)

  • Carolina Gonzálvez

    (Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Apdo. Correos, 99, 03080 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain)

  • Oswaldo Vásconez-Rubio

    (Faculty of Physical Culture, Central University of Ecuador, Av. Mariscal Sucre, Quito 170129, Ecuador)

  • José Manuel García-Fernández

    (Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Apdo. Correos, 99, 03080 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain)

Abstract

Perfectionism is considered to be a significant personality factor within the sport and exercise field. However, very little is known about the reasons why individuals with different perfectionistic tendencies engage or not in physical activity. This study aims, from a person-oriented approach, to analyze if participation motives and barriers may differ among four perfectionistic profiles: Non-Perfectionists (low perfectionistic strivings, PS, and perfectionistic concerns, PC), Adaptive Perfectionists (high PS and low PC), Maladaptive Perfectionists (high PS and PC), and Moderate Perfectionists (moderate PS and PC). A sample composed of 597 ( M age = 22.08, SD = 3.33) undergraduates enrolled in a sport science degree from Ecuador participated in this study. Non-Perfectionists reported lower levels of motives, whereas Adaptive and Maladaptive Perfectionists reported higher scores on all participation motives. Significant and positive correlations were found between PS and both autonomous and controlled motives, whereas PC was positively correlated with controlled reasons and only significantly correlated with some autonomous reasons by the effect of PS. In terms of barriers, Maladaptive Perfectionists reported significantly higher scores on all barriers analyzed in comparison with the other three profiles, with moderate and large effect sizes. The results of the bivariate and partial correlations suggest that these inter-profile differences were explained by PC. Considering the results, it is advised to develop strategies to identify Maladaptive Perfectionists in order to increase their intrinsic reasons for practicing physical exercise, and to minimize their perceived barriers.

Suggested Citation

  • María Vicent & Ricardo Sanmartín & Carolina Gonzálvez & Oswaldo Vásconez-Rubio & José Manuel García-Fernández, 2021. "Perfectionism, Motives, and Barriers to Exercise from a Person-Oriented Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8125-:d:606081
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. María Vicent & Ricardo Sanmartín & Oswaldo Vásconez-Rubio & José Manuel García-Fernández, 2020. "Perfectionism Profiles and Motivation to Exercise Based on Self-Determination Theory," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-12, May.
    2. Iago Portela-Pino & Antonio López-Castedo & María José Martínez-Patiño & Teresa Valverde-Esteve & José Domínguez-Alonso, 2019. "Gender Differences in Motivation and Barriers for The Practice of Physical Exercise in Adolescence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-9, December.
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