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Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy: Implications for COVID-19 Public Health Messaging

Author

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  • Amanda Hudson

    (Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Health PEI, Charlottetown, PE C1C 1M3, Canada
    Department of Health Management, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada)

  • William J. Montelpare

    (Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada)

Abstract

Objectives: Successful immunization programs require strategic communication to increase confidence among individuals who are vaccine-hesitant. This paper reviews research on determinants of vaccine hesitancy with the objective of informing public health responses to COVID-19. Method: A literature review was conducted using a broad search strategy. Articles were included if they were published in English and relevant to the topic of demographic and individual factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Results and Discussion: Demographic determinants of vaccine hesitancy that emerged in the literature review were age, income, educational attainment, health literacy, rurality, and parental status. Individual difference factors included mistrust in authority, disgust sensitivity, and risk aversion. Conclusion: Meeting target immunization rates will require robust public health campaigns that speak to individuals who are vaccine-hesitant in their attitudes and behaviours. Based on the assortment of demographic and individual difference factors that contribute to vaccine hesitancy, public health communications must pursue a range of strategies to increase public confidence in available COVID-19 vaccines.

Suggested Citation

  • Amanda Hudson & William J. Montelpare, 2021. "Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy: Implications for COVID-19 Public Health Messaging," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8054-:d:604521
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Avnika B. Amin & Robert A. Bednarczyk & Cara E. Ray & Kala J. Melchiori & Jesse Graham & Jeffrey R. Huntsinger & Saad B. Omer, 2017. "Association of moral values with vaccine hesitancy," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 1(12), pages 873-880, December.
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    3. Xudong Gao & Feng Ding & Ting Ai, 2022. "What Drives Elderly People in China Away from COVID-19 Information?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-10, August.
    4. Sylwia Kałucka & Ewa Kusideł & Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak, 2022. "A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study on the Risk of Getting Sick with COVID-19, the Course of the Disease, and the Impact of the National Vaccination Program against SARS-CoV-2 on Vaccination among H," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.
    5. Vieri Lastrucci & Chiara Lorini & Lorenzo Stacchini & Enrica Stancanelli & Andrea Guida & Alessio Radi & Chiara Morittu & Salvatore Zimmitti & Giorgia Alderotti & Marco Del Riccio & Angela Bechini & S, 2022. "Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-12, October.
    6. Ali Unlu & Sophie Truong & Nitin Sawhney & Jonas Sivelä & Tuukka Tammi, 2024. "Long-term assessment of social amplification of risk during COVID-19: challenges to public health agencies amid misinformation and vaccine stance," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 809-836, April.
    7. John R. Kues & Jacqueline M. Knapke & Shereen Elshaer & Angela M. Mendell & Laura Hildreth & Stephanie M. Schuckman & Julie Wijesooriya & Melinda Butsch Kovacic, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Critical Time Period Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-8, July.
    8. Facciani, Matthew & Lazić, Aleksandra & Viggiano, Gracemarie & McKay, Tara, 2023. "Political network composition predicts vaccination attitudes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    9. Cory Anderson & Shuai Zhou & Guangqing Chi, 2023. "Population-Wide Vaccination Hesitancy among the Amish: A County-Level Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Adoption and Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(4), pages 1-24, August.
    10. Takeshi Yoda & Nagisa Iwasaki & Hironobu Katsuyama, 2023. "Willingness to Pay for COVID-19 Vaccines in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(22), pages 1-11, November.

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