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Long-Term Psychological Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Children in Jordan

Author

Listed:
  • Harran Al-Rahamneh

    (School of Sport Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan)

  • Lubna Arafa

    (School of Sport Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan)

  • Anas Al Orani

    (School of Sport Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan)

  • Rahaf Baqleh

    (School of Sport Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan)

Abstract

Millions of children and adolescents have been affected worldwide by quarantine, school closures, and social distancing measures which have been implemented by many countries to control the spread of COVID-19. However, the long-term consequences of such procedures on children’s well-being are not clear. Therefore, this study investigated the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on Jordanian children between the ages of 5–11 years old. A total of 1309 parents with children between the ages of 5 and 11 years old filled in an online survey that included a set of questions to measure their children’s behaviour and emotions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being bored (77.5%), irritable (66%), likely to argue with the rest of the family (60.7%), nervous (54.8%), reluctant (54.2%), and lonely (52.4%) were the most frequently reported symptoms compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Parents reported that screen use of ≥120 min a day was shown among 48.9% of children and 42% of children did <30 min a day of physical activity. ≤8 h of sleep per night was reported among 42.5% of children compared to pre COVID-19. The results emphasized the importance of developing preventative psychological programs to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s psychological well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Harran Al-Rahamneh & Lubna Arafa & Anas Al Orani & Rahaf Baqleh, 2021. "Long-Term Psychological Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Children in Jordan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:7795-:d:599504
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bianchi, Francesco & Bianchi, Giada & Song, Dongho, 2023. "The long-term impact of the COVID-19 unemployment shock on life expectancy and mortality rates," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    2. Rihab Abid & Achraf Ammar & Rami Maaloul & Nizar Souissi & Omar Hammouda, 2021. "Effect of COVID-19-Related Home Confinement on Sleep Quality, Screen Time and Physical Activity in Tunisian Boys and Girls: A Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Aysel Esen Çoban & Nilay Kaptan, 2022. "Psychological and Behavioral Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents in Turkey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Argyrios Eleftherios Barbouzas & Foteini Malli & Zoe Daniil & Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, 2022. "Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Sleep Quality and Lifestyle in Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, September.

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