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Neighborhood-Level Influences and Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors in Rural and Urban Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Stephanie Wiafe

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada)

  • Ariana Mihan

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada)

  • Colleen M. Davison

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
    Department of Global Development Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N9, Canada)

Abstract

The impact of neighborhoods on adolescent engagement in health-risk behaviors (HRBs), such as substance use and sexual activity, has been well documented in high-income countries; however, evidence from low and middle-income country settings is limited, particularly in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Neighborhoods and communities in SSA continue to experience urbanization, epidemiologic transition, and the simultaneous presence of large populations living in rurality and urbanicity. This is a dynamic context for exploring adolescent health challenges. This review seeks to identify and summarize existing literature that investigates adolescent engagement in HRBs when compared across rural and urban neighborhoods across SSA. We performed searches using three electronic databases, targeted grey literature searches and scanned reference lists of included studies. Following dual-screening, our search yielded 23 relevant studies that met all inclusion criteria. These were categorized into six broad themes including studies on: (1) sexual risk taking, (2) injury-related, (3) violence, (4) eating and/or exercise-related, (5) substance use, and (6) personal hygiene. We found that neighborhood factors relating to accessibility and availability of health information and care impacted adolescent engagement in HRBs in rural and urban areas. Urbanization of areas of SSA plays a role in differences in engagement in HRBs between rural and urban dwelling adolescents.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephanie Wiafe & Ariana Mihan & Colleen M. Davison, 2021. "Neighborhood-Level Influences and Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors in Rural and Urban Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-28, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7637-:d:596536
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kirsten Hommann & Somik V. Lall, 2019. "Which Way to Livable and Productive Cities?," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 31457.
    2. Olayinka Omigbodun & Nisha Dogra & Oluyomi Esan & Babatunde Adedokun, 2008. "Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Behaviour Among Adolescents in Southwest Nigeria," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 54(1), pages 34-46, January.
    3. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    4. John B. Casterline & John Bongaarts & Amy O. Tsui & Win Brown & Qingfeng Li, 2017. "Contraceptive Practice in sub-Saharan Africa," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 43, pages 166-191, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zisis Kozlakidis, 2023. "Promoting Health for Adolescents: An Editorial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-4, July.

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