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The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic

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  • Mohammad Paydar

    (Escuela de Arquitectura Temuco, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Av. Alemania 281, Temuco 4780000, Chile)

  • Asal Kamani Fard

    (Universidad Católica del Maule, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3460000, Chile)

Abstract

More than 150 cities around the world have expanded emergency cycling and walking infrastructure to increase their resilience in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. This tendency toward walking has led it to becoming the predominant daily mode of transport that also contributes to significant changes in the relationships between the hierarchy of walking needs and walking behaviour. These changes need to be addressed in order to increase the resilience of walking environments in the face of such a pandemic. This study was designed as a theoretical and empirical literature review seeking to improve the walking behaviour in relation to the hierarchy of walking needs within the current context of COVID-19. Accordingly, the interrelationship between the main aspects relating to walking-in the context of the pandemic- and the different levels in the hierarchy of walking needs were discussed. Results are presented in five sections of “density, crowding and stress during walking”, “sense of comfort/discomfort and stress in regard to crowded spaces during walking experiences”, “crowded spaces as insecure public spaces and the contribution of the type of urban configuration”, “role of motivational/restorative factors during walking trips to reduce the overload of stress and improve mental health”, and “urban design interventions on arrangement of visual sequences during walking”.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Paydar & Asal Kamani Fard, 2021. "The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7461-:d:593308
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Meriem Naimi Ait-Aoudia & Samira Khettab & Oumelkheir Boukratem, 2024. "Urban Uses Put To The Test By The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review And Evidence From Algeria," Post-Print hal-04629281, HAL.
    2. Mohammad Paydar & Asal Kamani Fard & Verónica Gárate Navarrete, 2023. "Design Characteristics, Visual Qualities, and Walking Behavior in an Urban Park Setting," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-23, September.
    3. Marija Jevtic & Vlatka Matkovic & Milica Paut Kusturica & Catherine Bouland, 2022. "Build Healthier: Post-COVID-19 Urban Requirements for Healthy and Sustainable Living," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-21, July.
    4. Sigit D. Arifwidodo & Orana Chandrasiri, 2024. "Neighbourhood Walkability and Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(4), pages 1-12, March.
    5. Asal Kamani Fard & Mohammad Paydar & Verónica Gárate Navarrete, 2023. "Urban Park Design and Pedestrian Mobility—Case Study: Temuco, Chile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-13, October.
    6. Mohammad Paydar & Asal Kamani Fard, 2022. "Walking Behavior of Older Adults in Temuco, Chile: The Contribution of the Built Environment and Socio-Demographic Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-23, November.
    7. Jaroslav Mazanec & Veronika Harantová & Vladimíra Štefancová & Hana Brůhová Foltýnová, 2023. "Estimating Mode of Transport in Daily Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using a Multinomial Logistic Regression Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-15, March.
    8. Choobchian, Pooria & Mohammadi, Ali & Zou, Bo & Hair, Joseph F. & Valinejad, Mahsa & Shin, Jaeyong & Sriraj, P.S., 2024. "Calibrating walkability indicators for commute walk trips: A structural equation modeling approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).

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