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Assessing the Level of Awareness of COVID-19 and Prevalence of General Anxiety Disorder among the Hail Community, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Author

Listed:
  • Bandar Alsaif

    (Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia)

  • Najm Eldinn Elsser Elhassan

    (Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ramaiah Itumalla

    (Department of Health Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia)

  • Kamal Elbassir Ali

    (Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohamed Ali Alzain

    (Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a major public health problem around the world. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the awareness and prevalence of General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) with regard to COVID-19 among the Hail community, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in order to help health authorities to effectively control the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 412 participants living in Hail, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices for the prevention of COVID-19, as well as psychological feelings in terms of GAD as an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The study found that most of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge, attitudes, and practice for COVID-19 prevention. The elderly and employed demonstrated significant positive attitudes and practices ( p < 0.05). Participants with a positive attitude were almost two and a half times (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.54–3.99) more likely to have good practices. Additionally, the rural respondents were less likely (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21–0.96) to have a positive attitude. Married participants were more than one and a half (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.04–2.44) times more likely to have a positive attitude. The prevalence of GAD was 21.8% and was significantly increased among participants with inadequate knowledge (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.25–3.22), females (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.19–3.09), individuals with chronic diseases (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02–2.86), and non-Saudi participants (OR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.02–5.85). Conclusions: Ensuring a sufficient combination of relatively good levels of knowledge, positive attitudes, and desired practices serves as a good approach to preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, the increased prevalence of GAD requires the attention of policymakers. Therefore, a great emphasis should be placed on health awareness campaigns, with a focus on misconceptions and the provision of counseling.

Suggested Citation

  • Bandar Alsaif & Najm Eldinn Elsser Elhassan & Ramaiah Itumalla & Kamal Elbassir Ali & Mohamed Ali Alzain, 2021. "Assessing the Level of Awareness of COVID-19 and Prevalence of General Anxiety Disorder among the Hail Community, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:7035-:d:586419
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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