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When Land Is Under Pressure Health Is Under Stress

Author

Listed:
  • Aderita Sena

    (Centre of the Study and Research of Health Emergencies and Disasters, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil)

  • Kristie Ebi

    (Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, WA 98195, USA)

Abstract

The land provides vital resources to support life on Earth. Land ecosystems services have social, cultural, and spiritual benefits and promote human health and well-being. However, human activities, particularly ongoing unsustainable land practices, are negatively impacting ecosystems through desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD). This article highlights the pressures and impacts of DLDD on human health through exposure pathways, including water security and safety; sanitation and hygiene; food security and safety; air quality; and soil quality. We describe the impacts on 19 health outcomes in three groups: non-communicable diseases; injuries; and infections, parasitic and nutritional diseases. The magnitude of these health impacts is mediated by social, economic, and health system-related factors. We propose actions for the health sector to respond to the DLDD challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Aderita Sena & Kristie Ebi, 2020. "When Land Is Under Pressure Health Is Under Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2020:i:1:p:136-:d:469016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Marcos Vinicius de Carvalho Mendes & Solange Laurentino dos Santos & Claudia Cristina Lima de Castro & Betise Mery Alencar Sousa Macau Furtado & Heitor Victor Veiga da Costa & Albanita Gomes da Costa , 2021. "Analysis of Factors Associated with the Risk of Suicide in a Brazilian Capital: Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-16, December.

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