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Flexibility in Spanish Elite Inline Hockey Players: Profile, Sex, Tightness and Asymmetry

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  • Antonio Cejudo

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
    Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Scuola di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi, 61029 Urbino, Italy)

  • Víctor Jesús Moreno-Alcaraz

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
    Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • Riccardo Izzo

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Scuola di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi, 61029 Urbino, Italy)

  • Francisco Javier Robles-Palazón

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
    Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • Pilar Sainz de Baranda

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
    Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • Fernando Santonja-Medina

    (Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
    Department of Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

Abstract

Limited ranges of motion (ROM) have been considered as a relevant risk factor for team sports injuries. The main purposes of the current study were to describe the lower extremity ROM profile, muscular tightness and asymmetries in elite inline hockey players and to examine sex-related differences. Twenty professional inline hockey players from 2 Spanish National Teams (male and female) were measured of passive hip extension [HE], hip adduction with hip flexed 90° [HAD-HF], hip flexion with the knee flexed [HF-KF] and extended [HF-KE], hip abduction with the hip neutral [HAB] and hip flexed 90° [HAB-HF], hip external [HER] and internal [HIR] rotation, knee flexion [KF], ankle dorsiflexion with the knee flexed [ADF-KF] and extended [ADF-KE] ROMs of the dominant and non-dominant leg ROMs were taken. A paired t -test was carried out to assess asymmetries. ROM values were classified as “normal versus tightness”, and “normal versus asymmetry” according to the proposed reference values. The effect size for each variable was analyzed. Male team exhibited asymmetry in HF-KF (133.2° dominant vs. 129.8° non-dominant; p = 0.042; d = 0.7243 [moderate effect sizes]) and female team in ADF-KF (38.8° dominant vs. 41.0 non-dominant; p = 0.001; d = 0.6 [moderate effect sizes]) and HAB ROM (41.2° dominant vs. 38.8 non-dominant; p = 0.005; d = 1.1767 [moderate effect sizes]). Male players reported asymmetry in HAD-HF (n = 5), HER (n = 4) and HE (n = 3), whereas female players presented asymmetries in HER (n = 4), HE (n = 3) and KF (n = 2). Overall, 20–100% of all participants showed limited KF, HF_KE, HIR, HE, ADF_KF, HAD-HF, HF-KF, ADF_KE, HTR and HER ROM. The results of this study reinforce the requirement of prescribing exercises aimed at improving hip, knee and ankle ROM within everyday inline hockey practices. In addition, as some asymmetries were found, unilateral flexibility training should be considered where appropriate.

Suggested Citation

  • Antonio Cejudo & Víctor Jesús Moreno-Alcaraz & Riccardo Izzo & Francisco Javier Robles-Palazón & Pilar Sainz de Baranda & Fernando Santonja-Medina, 2020. "Flexibility in Spanish Elite Inline Hockey Players: Profile, Sex, Tightness and Asymmetry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:9:p:3295-:d:355696
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. MOHAJAN, Haradhan Kumar, 2017. "Two Criteria For Good Measurements In Research: Validity And Reliability," Annals of Spiru Haret University, Economic Series, Universitatea Spiru Haret, vol. 17(4), pages 59-82.
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    Cited by:

    1. Antonio Cejudo, 2021. "Lower Extremity Flexibility Profile in Basketball Players: Gender Differences and Injury Risk Identification," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-12, November.
    2. Antonio Cejudo, 2022. "Description of ROM-SPORT I Battery: Keys to Assess Lower Limb Flexibility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-19, August.
    3. Antonio Cejudo, 2022. "Predicting the Clean Movement Technique in Crossfit ® Athletes Using an Optimal Upper-Limb Range of Motion: A Prospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Antonio Cejudo & Víctor Jesús Moreno-Alcaraz & Mark De Ste Croix & Fernando Santonja-Medina & Pilar Sainz de Baranda, 2020. "Lower-Limb Flexibility Profile Analysis in Youth Competitive Inline Hockey Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-13, June.
    5. Antonio Cejudo & Pilar Sainz de Baranda & Francisco Ayala & Mark De Ste Croix & Fernando Santonja-Medina, 2020. "Assessment of the Range of Movement of the Lower Limb in Sport: Advantages of the ROM-SPORT I Battery," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-26, October.

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