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Prenatal Attachment and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review

Author

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  • Luca Rollè

    (Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Maura Giordano

    (Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Santoniccolo

    (Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Tommaso Trombetta

    (Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy)

Abstract

Pregnancy is a period of complex bio-psychological changes, during which the development of an attachment bond to the fetus takes on a central role. Depressive symptoms are common during this period. Both symptoms of depression and low levels of prenatal attachment are related to negative outcomes in caregivers and infants. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, this systematic review analyzes and systematizes 41 studies concerning the association between prenatal attachment and perinatal depression. The majority of the studies reported a significant association between the two. Specifically, prenatal depressive symptoms were found to be negatively associated with prenatal attachment. Furthermore, lower levels of prenatal attachment were related to higher postnatal depressive symptoms, although fewer studies assessed this association. While these results were found across different populations, conflicting findings emerged, suggesting they should be interpreted with caution, particularly in male samples and in non-normative pregnancies (e.g., high-risk pregnancies, medically assisted pregnancies, and pregnancies with previous perinatal losses). These results are clinically important for the perinatal screening process and for implementing preventive and treatment programs. However, future studies are needed to further confirm and generalize these results.

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Rollè & Maura Giordano & Fabrizio Santoniccolo & Tommaso Trombetta, 2020. "Prenatal Attachment and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-26, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:8:p:2644-:d:344626
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bauer, Annette & Pawlby, S. & Plant, D. T. & King, Derek & Pariante, C. M. & Knapp, M., 2015. "Perinatal depression and child development: exploring the economic consequences from a South London cohort," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 57718, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    3. Omotayo Bernard & Roger C Gibson & Affette McCaw-Binns & Jody Reece & Charlene Coore-Desai & Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington & Maureen Samms-Vaughan, 2018. "Antenatal depressive symptoms in Jamaica associated with limited perceived partner and other social support: A cross-sectional study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, March.
    4. Lewis, Marilyn W., 2006. "Relationship of prior custody loss to maternal-fetal bonding in a subsequent pregnancy," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(10), pages 1169-1180, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kebogile Mokwena & Itumeleng Masike, 2020. "The Need for Universal Screening for Postnatal Depression in South Africa: Confirmation from a Sub-District in Pretoria, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-13, September.

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