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Dengue Surveillance System in Brazil: A Qualitative Study in the Federal District

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  • Marco Angelo

    (Department of Health, Ethics & Society, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
    Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de Brasilia, 70297-400 Brasilia, Brazil)

  • Walter Massa Ramalho

    (Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de Brasilia, 70297-400 Brasilia, Brazil)

  • Helen Gurgel

    (Laboratorio de Geografia, Ambiente e Saúde da Universidade de Brasilia, 70904-970 Brasilia, Brazil)

  • Nayara Belle

    (Department of Health, Ethics & Society, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
    Laboratorio de Geografia, Ambiente e Saúde da Universidade de Brasilia, 70904-970 Brasilia, Brazil)

  • Eva Pilot

    (Department of Health, Ethics & Society, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
    Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT), University of Coimbra, 3004-530 Coimbra, Portugal)

Abstract

Dengue’s increasing trends raise concerns over global health and pose a challenge to the Brazilian health system, highlighting the necessity of a strong surveillance system to reduce morbidity, mortality, and the economic burden of this disease. Although the Brazilian surveillance system reports more dengue cases than any other country, recent studies suggest that non-reported cases are the majority. The aim of the study is to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the Brazilian surveillance system, particularly looking at the functioning of data collection and reporting. This was done through qualitative semi-structured interviews with 17 experts in dengue surveillance, supported by quantitative data from the official notification system. To select the interviewees, purposive and theoretical sampling were used. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The research highlighted that a lack of human and technological resources in healthcare units and surveillance departments slows down the notification process and data analysis. Due to a lack of integration in the private sector, the surveillance system fails to detect the socioeconomic profile of the patients. Investments in public healthcare, human and technological resources for surveillance and better integration in the private healthcare system, and vector surveillance may improve dengue surveillance.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Angelo & Walter Massa Ramalho & Helen Gurgel & Nayara Belle & Eva Pilot, 2020. "Dengue Surveillance System in Brazil: A Qualitative Study in the Federal District," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:6:p:2062-:d:334826
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Samir Bhatt & Peter W. Gething & Oliver J. Brady & Jane P. Messina & Andrew W. Farlow & Catherine L. Moyes & John M. Drake & John S. Brownstein & Anne G. Hoen & Osman Sankoh & Monica F. Myers & Dylan , 2013. "The global distribution and burden of dengue," Nature, Nature, vol. 496(7446), pages 504-507, April.
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