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Affordability Assessment from a Static to Dynamic Concept: A Scenario-Based Assessment of Cardiovascular Medicines

Author

Listed:
  • Leila Zarei

    (Pharmacoeconomics and Pharma Management, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Heath, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran)

  • Iman Karimzadeh

    (Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran)

  • Najmeh Moradi

    (Pharmacoeconomics and Pharma Management, Health Management and Economics Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)

  • Payam Peymani

    (Pharmacoepidemiology, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Heath, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
    Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Sara Asadi

    (Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran)

  • Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

    (Medicines and Healthcare, Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH Huddersfield, UK)

Abstract

The out-of-pocket payments for prescription medications can impose a financial burden on patients from low- and middle- incomes and who suffer from chronic diseases. The present study aims at evaluating the affordability of cardiovascular disease (CVD) medication in Iran. This includes measuring affordability through World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. In this method, affordability is characterized as the number of days’ wages of the lowest-paid unskilled government worker. The different medication therapy scenarios are defined in mono-and combination therapy approaches. This method adds on to WHO/HAI methodology to discover new approaches to affordability assessments. The results show the differences in the medicines affordability when different approaches are used in mono-and combination therapy between 6 main sub-therapeutic groups of CVD. It indicates the medicine affordability is not a static concept and it changes dynamically between CVD therapeutic subgroups when it used alone or in combination with other medicines regarding patients’ characteristics and medical conditions. Hypertension and anti-arrhythmia therapeutic groups had the most non-affordability and hyperlipidemia had the most affordable medicines. Therefore, affordability can be considered as a dynamic concept, which not only affected by the medicine price but significantly affected by a patient’s characteristics, the number of medical conditions, and insurance coverage.

Suggested Citation

  • Leila Zarei & Iman Karimzadeh & Najmeh Moradi & Payam Peymani & Sara Asadi & Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar, 2020. "Affordability Assessment from a Static to Dynamic Concept: A Scenario-Based Assessment of Cardiovascular Medicines," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:5:p:1710-:d:328952
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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