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Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon

Author

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  • Muhammad Vohra

    (Environmental Engineering Program, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The present work investigated the application of granular activated carbon (GAC) derived from date palm pits (DPP) agricultural waste for treating gaseous ammonia. Respective findings indicate increased breakthrough time (run time at which 5% of influent ammonia is exiting with the effluent gas) with a decrease in influent ammonia and increase in GAC bed depth. At a gas flow rate of 1.1 L/min and GAC column length of 8 cm, the following breakthrough trend was noted: 1295 min (2.5 ppmv) > 712 min (5 ppmv) > 532 min (7.5 ppmv). A qualitatively similar trend was also noted for the exhaustion time results (run time at which 95% of influent ammonia is exiting with the effluent gas). The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) findings for the produced GAC indicated some salient functional groups at the produced GAC surface including O–H, C–H, C–O, and S=O groups. Ammonia adsorption was suggested to result from its interaction with the respective surface functional groups via different mechanisms. Comparison with a commercial GAC showed the date palm pits based GAC to be having slightly higher breakthrough and exhaustion capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Vohra, 2020. "Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:5:p:1519-:d:325701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carmen de la Cruz-Lovera & Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro & Esther Salmerón-Manzano & José-Luis de la Cruz-Fernández & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2019. "Date Seeds ( Phoenix dactylifera L. ) Valorization for Boilers in the Mediterranean Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Vohra & Mohammad Al-Suwaiyan & Minaam Hussaini, 2020. "Gas Phase Toluene Adsorption Using Date Palm-Tree Branches Based Activated Carbon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-18, December.

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    2. Muhammad Vohra & Mohammad Al-Suwaiyan & Minaam Hussaini, 2020. "Gas Phase Toluene Adsorption Using Date Palm-Tree Branches Based Activated Carbon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-18, December.

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