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Relationship between Long-Term Residential Green Exposure and Individuals’ Mental Health: Moderated by Income Differences and Residential Location in Urban China

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  • Xue Zhang

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Suhong Zhou

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Rongping Lin

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Lingling Su

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China)

Abstract

Environmental health effects during urbanization have attracted much attention. However, knowledge is lacking on the relationship between long-term cumulative residential environment and health effects on individuals during rapid transformations in urban physical and social space. Taking Guangzhou, China, as a case example, this study analyzed the relationship between long-term exposure to green environments and residents’ mental health under urban spatial restructuring. Based on a household survey in 2016, 820 residents who have lived in Guangzhou for more than 15 years were used as the sample. High-resolution remote sensing images were used to assess the long-term green exposure of residents. The results indicate that long-term green exposure in residential areas had a negative correlation with residents’ mental health ( p < 0.05), and the correlation was strongest for the cumulative green environment in the last five years. However, this significant effect was moderated by income and residential location. Green exposure had a positive relationship with mental health for low income groups, and a negative relationship for middle and high income groups. In addition, residents living farther away from the city center were likely to have fewer green environmental health benefits. Residential relocation in a rapidly urbanizing and transforming China has led to the continuous differentiation of residential green environments among different income groups, which has also caused different mental health effects from green exposure. It provides empirical evidence and theoretical support for policymakers to improve the urban environment and reduce environmental health disparities by considering social differences and residential location.

Suggested Citation

  • Xue Zhang & Suhong Zhou & Rongping Lin & Lingling Su, 2020. "Relationship between Long-Term Residential Green Exposure and Individuals’ Mental Health: Moderated by Income Differences and Residential Location in Urban China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-21, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8955-:d:454732
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Tanmoy Malaker & Qingmin Meng, 2024. "Urban Disparity Analytics Using GIS: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-26, July.
    3. Zheng Xian & Tomoki Nakaya & Kun Liu & Bing Zhao & Junhua Zhang & Jiao Zhang & Yuxuan Lin & Jinguang Zhang, 2024. "The effects of neighbourhood green spaces on mental health of disadvantaged groups: a systematic review," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Lingling Su & Suhong Zhou, 2022. "Long-Term Residential Environment Exposure and Subjective Wellbeing in Later Life in Guangzhou, China: Moderated by Residential Mobility History," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Liping Liao & Minzhe Du, 2022. "Associations between Greenspaces and Individual Health: A Longitudinal Study in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-15, October.
    6. Juntti, Meri & Ozsezer-Kurnuc, Sevda, 2023. "Factors influencing the realisation of the social impact of urban nature in inner-city environments: A systematic review of complex evidence," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

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