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Health Literacy for Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Examination of Associated Illness Perceptions, Self-Efficacy, Motivation and Physical Activity

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  • Ronie Walters

    (Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK)

  • Stephen J. Leslie

    (Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
    Cardiac Department, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness IV2 3UJ, UK)

  • Jane Sixsmith

    (Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland)

  • Trish Gorely

    (Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK)

Abstract

Following a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease there is a need for patients to self-manage. Health literacy has been shown to be lower in patients with cardiovascular disease, yet research into health literacy in this population is limited. This study used the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) to examine the health literacy and associated health, health behaviours and psychological profiles of cardiac rehabilitation patients from a remote and rural regional programme in the Scottish Highlands. Consecutive patients referred to the service in a calendar year were sent a cross-sectional questionnaire by post. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped respondents based on their health literacy profile, and nonparametric methods were used to analyse differences between clusters on the other measures. A total of 282 participants responded (45.7%). Respondents were older (median: 71 years) and more likely to be from more affluent areas. Five health literacy clusters emerged with different profiles of health, physical activity, self-efficacy, motivation and illness perceptions. There was no difference in relation to cardiac rehabilitation attendance by health literacy cluster, but those with lower health literacy were less likely to be aware of the referral. Patterns of health literacy are associated with health, health behaviours and some psychological constructs. Knowledge of distinct cluster characteristics may help services better target interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ronie Walters & Stephen J. Leslie & Jane Sixsmith & Trish Gorely, 2020. "Health Literacy for Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Examination of Associated Illness Perceptions, Self-Efficacy, Motivation and Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:22:p:8641-:d:448550
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anna Aaby & Karina Friis & Bo Christensen & Helle Terkildsen Maindal, 2020. "Health Literacy among People in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Associations with Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life in the Heart Skills Study in Denmark," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Marise S. Kaper & Andrea F. de Winter & Roberta Bevilacqua & Cinzia Giammarchi & Anne McCusker & Jane Sixsmith & Jaap A.R. Koot & Sijmen A. Reijneveld, 2019. "Positive Outcomes of a Comprehensive Health Literacy Communication Training for Health Professionals in Three European Countries: A Multi-centre Pre-post Intervention Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Nutbeam, Don, 2008. "The evolving concept of health literacy," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(12), pages 2072-2078, December.
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