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How to Find Vacant Green Space in the Process of Urban Park Planning: Case Study in Ningbo (China)

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  • Shunwei Ji

    (Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Culture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Renfeng Ma

    (Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Culture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
    Ningbo Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
    Institute of East China Sea, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Liyan Ren

    (Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Culture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
    Ningbo Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Caijuan Wang

    (Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Culture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

Abstract

Nature-based recreation in urban areas is essential for the well-being of citizens. Park green space (PGS) is a necessary urban infrastructure and a critical step of urban planning and policy-making. The existing research on PGS only focuses on service allocation problems existing in the current urban development, ignoring changes in residential communities accessibility. This research provides new ideas to evaluate PGS. Based on parks and residential communities’ data, we adopt an improved Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to evaluate PGS accessibility in Ningbo (China) and its matching with different levels of residential areas. We present a case study in Ningbo, and discuss its implications for PGS management. This study contains two elements: (a) Compare the current and initial PGS accessibility of each community to accurately identify the communities with PGS vacancies. (b) Analyze and discuss the association between community accessibility and residential house prices. Compare the PGS coverage ratios of communities at different levels to determine the equity of PGS planning in Ningbo. We found that the level of PGS allocation in the central area of Ningbo is high. Obviously, high-value clusters are formed in Sanjiangkou, Zhenhai New Town, Southern and Eastern Yinzhou. The accessibility level in the middle area of Yinzhou is low, and there are super high accessibility residential communities in the outer city area. There is an exact period of green space vacancy in the middle and the outer area. The residential areas with ultra-high accessibility did not configure PGS services at the beginning of their construction. There is no noticeable difference in PGS accessibility of residential communities of different levels at present, but 149 low- and middle-income residential communities lack green space service when the construction was completed. High-end residential communities have priority on enjoying park green space services. Our study suggests that PGS accessibility should be studied temporally and spatially for each residential community. The Ningbo government should strengthen the balanced construction of green space in parks and guarantee green space services for low-end residential communities to improve green space equity.

Suggested Citation

  • Shunwei Ji & Renfeng Ma & Liyan Ren & Caijuan Wang, 2020. "How to Find Vacant Green Space in the Process of Urban Park Planning: Case Study in Ningbo (China)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8282-:d:442234
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viniece Jennings & Lincoln Larson & Jessica Yun, 2016. "Advancing Sustainability through Urban Green Space: Cultural Ecosystem Services, Equity, and Social Determinants of Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Hong, Andy & Sallis, James F. & King, Abby C. & Conway, Terry L. & Saelens, Brian & Cain, Kelli L. & Fox, Eric H. & Frank, Lawrence D., 2018. "Linking green space to neighborhood social capital in older adults: The role of perceived safety," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 38-45.
    3. Michelle C. Kondo & Jaime M. Fluehr & Thomas McKeon & Charles C. Branas, 2018. "Urban Green Space and Its Impact on Human Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-28, March.
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    1. Dandan Wu & Yang Wu & Xinxin Ni & Yuandan Sun & Renfeng Ma, 2022. "The Location and Built Environment of Cultural and Creative Industry in Hangzhou, China: A Spatial Entropy Weight Overlay Method Based on Multi-Source Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Zihan Cai & Sidong Zhao & Mengshi Huang & Congguo Zhang, 2023. "Evolution Model, Mechanism, and Performance of Urban Park Green Areas in the Grand Canal of China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-28, December.

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