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Serum Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Pregnant Women and Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes. A Cross-Sectional Study from Two Rural Settings in Cambodia

Author

Listed:
  • Margit Steinholt

    (Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
    Helgelandssykehuset, 8801 Sandnessjoen, Norway)

  • Shanshan Xu

    (Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Sam Ol Ha

    (Trauma Care Foundation, Battambang, Cambodia)

  • Duong Trong Phi

    (Department of Environment and School Health, Nha Trang Pasteur Institutte, Nha Trang, Khánh Hòa 650000, Vietnam)

  • Maria Lisa Odland

    (Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK)

  • Jon Øyvind Odland

    (Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
    Department of General Hygiene I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya str., 8-2, 119992 Moscow, Russia)

Abstract

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 194 pregnant women from two low-income settings in Cambodia. The inclusion period lasted from October 2015 through December 2017. Maternal serum samples were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The aim was to study potential effects on birth outcomes. We found low levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP), except for heptachlors, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor epoxide, and p,p’-DDE. There were few differences between the two study locations. However, the women from the poorest areas had significantly higher concentrations of p,p’-DDE ( p < 0.001) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) ( p = 0.002). The maternal factors associated with exposure were parity, age, residential area, and educational level. Despite low maternal levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, we found significant negative associations between the PCB congeners 99 (95% CI: −2.51 to −0.07), 138 (95% CI: −1.28 to −0.32), and 153 (95% CI: −1.06 to −0.05) and gestational age. Further, there were significant negative associations between gestational age, birth length, and maternal levels of o,p’-DDE. Moreover, o,p’-DDD had positive associations with birth weight, and both p,p’-DDD and o,p’-DDE were positively associated with the baby’s ponderal index. The poorest population had higher exposure and less favorable outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Margit Steinholt & Shanshan Xu & Sam Ol Ha & Duong Trong Phi & Maria Lisa Odland & Jon Øyvind Odland, 2020. "Serum Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Pregnant Women and Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes. A Cross-Sectional Study from Two Rural Settings in Cambodia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7652-:d:431844
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Margit Steinholt & Sam Ol Ha & Chandy Houy & Jon Øyvind Odland & Maria Lisa Odland, 2019. "An Increased Risk of Stunting among Newborns in Poorer Rural Settings: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study among Pregnant Women at Selected Sites in Rural Cambodia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Abdulrazaq Yahaya & Omobola O. Okoh & Anthony I. Okoh & Abiodun O. Adeniji, 2017. "Occurrences of Organochlorine Pesticides along the Course of the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape of South Africa and Its Health Implications," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mphatso Mwapasa & Sandra Huber & Bertha Magreta Chakhame & Alfred Maluwa & Maria Lisa Odland & Victor Ndhlovu & Halina Röllin & Shanshan Xu & Jon Øyvind Odland, 2023. "Predictors of Maternal Serum Concentrations for Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Pregnant Women and Associations with Birth Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study from Southern Malawi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-12, March.

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