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Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People

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Listed:
  • Ana-Isabel Corregidor-Sánchez

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Antonio Segura-Fragoso

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Juan-José Criado-Álvarez

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
    Institute of Sciences Health, 45006 Castilla la Mancha, Spain)

  • Marta Rodríguez-Hernández

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Alicia Mohedano-Moriano

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Begoña Polonio-López

    (Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

Abstract

(1) This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments with virtual reality systems (VRSs) on the functional autonomy of older adults versus conventional treatment. (3) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic data search was carried out, following the PRISMA statement, up to February 2020. We combined results from clinical trials using VRSs for the improvement of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were followed for calculations and risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of evidence. (4) Results: The final analysis included 23 studies with a population of 1595 participants. A moderate, but clinically significant, effect was found for basic activities of daily living (BADLs), (Standard Medium Deviation, SMD 0.61; 95% CI: −0.15–1.37; P < 0.001). A small effect was found for instrumental ADLs (Instrumental Activities of daily living, IADLs) (SMD −0.34; 95% CI: −0.82–0.15; P < 0.001). Functional ambulation was the BADL which improved the most (SMD −0.63; 95% CI: −0.86, −0.40; P < 0.001). (5) Conclusion: The use of VRSs is an innovative and feasible technique to support and improve the functional autonomy of community-dwelling older adults. Due to the very low quality of the evidence for our main outcomes, the effects of a VRS on the BADLs and IADLs are uncertain. Clinical trials of a higher methodological quality are necessary to increase the level of knowledge of its actual effectiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana-Isabel Corregidor-Sánchez & Antonio Segura-Fragoso & Juan-José Criado-Álvarez & Marta Rodríguez-Hernández & Alicia Mohedano-Moriano & Begoña Polonio-López, 2020. "Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-24, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6283-:d:405626
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kimiko Tomioka & Norio Kurumatani & Keigo Saeki, 2018. "The differential effects of type and frequency of social participation on IADL declines of older people," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, November.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    3. Iranzu Mugueta-Aguinaga & Begonya Garcia-Zapirain, 2017. "FRED: Exergame to Prevent Dependence and Functional Deterioration Associated with Ageing. A Pilot Three-Week Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-18, November.
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    1. Monica Pinto & Francesca Gimigliano & Stefania De Simone & Massimo Costa & Attilio A. M. Bianchi & Giovanni Iolascon, 2020. "Post-Acute COVID-19 Rehabilitation Network Proposal: From Intensive to Extensive and Home-Based IT Supported Services," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.

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