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Pretreatment of Grape Stalks by Fungi: Effect on Bioactive Compounds, Fiber Composition, Saccharification Kinetics and Monosaccharides Ratio

Author

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  • Joana M.C. Fernandes

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Irene Fraga

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Rose M.O.F. Sousa

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Miguel A.M. Rodrigues

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Ana Sampaio

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Rui M.F. Bezerra

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Albino A. Dias

    (CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD—Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

Abstract

Grape stalks, an inedible lignocellulosic residue from winemaking and agro-industrial grape juice production, can be valorized as a source of bioactive compounds and as feedstock for the saccharification and bioconversion of soluble sugars. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) by six white-rot fungi was applied as pretreatment. Fiber composition, free radical scavenging activity, four ligninolytic, and three hydrolytic enzyme activities were determined. Saccharification kinetics, yield, and productivity were evaluated and complemented with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification of monosaccharides, and principal component analysis (PCA). After SSF, the biomass exhibited a drastic free radical scavenging activity decrease and the main enzymes produced were manganese-dependent peroxidase and xylanase. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the erosion of cell walls, and PCA exhibited a negative correlation between saccharification, and neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin. Phlebia rufa pretreated biomass gave the highest sugars yield and productivity, representing a nearly three-fold increase compared to untreated samples. Also, monosaccharides quantification revealed that the 1:1 ratio of glucose to the sum of xylose plus galactose changes to the value of 2:1 after pretreatment. In this work, and for the first time, P. rufa proved to be an effective pretreatment of grape stalks for the saccharification and further bioconversion into value-added chemicals. In addition, lignocellulolytic enzymes were also produced through SSF.

Suggested Citation

  • Joana M.C. Fernandes & Irene Fraga & Rose M.O.F. Sousa & Miguel A.M. Rodrigues & Ana Sampaio & Rui M.F. Bezerra & Albino A. Dias, 2020. "Pretreatment of Grape Stalks by Fungi: Effect on Bioactive Compounds, Fiber Composition, Saccharification Kinetics and Monosaccharides Ratio," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5900-:d:398891
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Paula A. Pinto & Rui M. F. Bezerra & Irene Fraga & Carla Amaral & Ana Sampaio & Albino A. Dias, 2022. "Solid-State Fermentation of Chestnut Shells and Effect of Explanatory Variables in Predictive Saccharification Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Kang Hyun Lee & Soo Kweon Lee & Jeongho Lee & Seunghee Kim & Chulhwan Park & Seung Wook Kim & Hah Young Yoo, 2021. "Improvement of Enzymatic Glucose Conversion from Chestnut Shells through Optimization of KOH Pretreatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-13, April.

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