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The Effects of Indoor Pollutants Exposure on Allergy and Lung Inflammation: An Activation State of Neutrophils and Eosinophils in Sputum

Author

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  • Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
    Environmental Health Research Cluster (EHRc), Environmental Healthcare Section, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Zailina Hashim

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Juliana Jalaludin

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Leslie Thian Lung Than

    (Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Jamal Hisham Hashim

    (IIGH United Nations University, UKM Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Abstract

Background: To explore the inflammation phenotypes following indoor pollutants exposure based on marker expression on eosinophils and neutrophils with the application of chemometric analysis approaches. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among secondary school students in eight suburban and urban schools in the district of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. The survey was completed by 96 students at the age of 14 by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) and European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaires. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured, and an allergic skin prick test and sputum induction were performed for all students. Induced sputum samples were analysed for the expression of CD11b, CD35, CD63, and CD66b on eosinophils and neutrophils by flow cytometry. The particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ), NO 2 , CO 2 , and formaldehyde were measured inside the classrooms. Results: Chemometric and regression results have clustered the expression of CD63 with PM 2.5 , CD11b with NO 2 , CD66b with FeNO levels, and CO 2 with eosinophils, with the prediction accuracy of the models being 71.88%, 76.04%, and 76.04%, respectively. Meanwhile, for neutrophils, the CD63 and CD66b clustering with PM 2.5 and CD11b with FeNO levels showed a model prediction accuracy of 72.92% and 71.88%, respectively. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the exposure to PM 2.5 and NO 2 was likely associated with the degranulation of eosinophils and neutrophils, following the activation mechanisms that led to the inflammatory reactions.

Suggested Citation

  • Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa & Zailina Hashim & Juliana Jalaludin & Leslie Thian Lung Than & Jamal Hisham Hashim, 2020. "The Effects of Indoor Pollutants Exposure on Allergy and Lung Inflammation: An Activation State of Neutrophils and Eosinophils in Sputum," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5413-:d:390676
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohammad Hashem Askariyeh & Madhusudhan Venugopal & Haneen Khreis & Andrew Birt & Josias Zietsman, 2020. "Near-Road Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Resuspended PM 2.5 from Highways and Arterials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Hanne Krage Carlsen & Peter Boman & Bodil Björ & Anna-Carin Olin & Bertil Forsberg, 2016. "Coarse Fraction Particle Matter and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Non-Asthmatic Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-11, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hamdi El Asli & Lakhmaiss Hamid & Afif Zineb & Azeroual Mohamed, 2024. "Impact of, Human Capital, Economic Factors, Energy Consumption, and Urban Growth on Environmental Sustainability in Morocco: An ARDL Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(2), pages 656-668, March.
    2. Nuno Canha & Evangelia Diapouli & Susana Marta Almeida, 2021. "Integrated Human Exposure to Air Pollution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-6, February.
    3. Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa & Juliana Jalaludin & Saliza Mohd Elias & Norlen Mohamed & Jamal Hisham Hashim & Zailina Hashim, 2022. "Evaluation of the Relationship between Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) with Indoor PM 10 , PM 2.5 and NO 2 in Suburban and Urban Schools," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-12, April.

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