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Health Impacts from Ambient Particle Exposure in Southern Sweden

Author

Listed:
  • Ralf Rittner

    (Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden)

  • Erin Flanagan

    (Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden)

  • Anna Oudin

    (Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
    Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Ebba Malmqvist

    (Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden)

Abstract

A health impact assessment (HIA) is an important tool for making informed decisions regarding the design and evaluation of environmental interventions. In this study, we performed a quantitative HIA for the population of Scania (1,247,993), the southernmost county in Sweden, in 2016. The impact of annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), modeled at their home residences for the year 2011, on mortality, asthma, dementia, autism spectrum disorders, preeclampsia and low birth weight (LBW) was explored. Concentration–response (C-R) functions were taken from epidemiological studies reporting meta-analyses when available, and otherwise from single epidemiological studies. The average level of PM 2.5 experienced by the study population was 11.88 µg/m 3 . The PM 2.5 exposure was estimated to cause 9–11% of cases of LBW and 6% of deaths from natural causes. Locally produced PM 2.5 alone contributed to 2–9% of the cases of diseases and disorders investigated. Reducing concentrations to a maximum of 10 µg/m 3 would, according to our estimations, reduce mortality by 3% and reduce cases of LBW by 2%. Further analyses of separate emission sources’ distinct effects were also presented. Reduction of air pollution levels in the study area would, as expected, have a substantial effect on both mortality and adverse health outcomes. Reductions should be aimed for by local authorities and on national and even international levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Ralf Rittner & Erin Flanagan & Anna Oudin & Ebba Malmqvist, 2020. "Health Impacts from Ambient Particle Exposure in Southern Sweden," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:14:p:5064-:d:384276
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marie-Eve Héroux & H. Anderson & Richard Atkinson & Bert Brunekreef & Aaron Cohen & Francesco Forastiere & Fintan Hurley & Klea Katsouyanni & Daniel Krewski & Michal Krzyzanowski & Nino Künzli & Inga , 2015. "Quantifying the health impacts of ambient air pollutants: recommendations of a WHO/Europe project," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(5), pages 619-627, July.
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