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The Potential Impacts of Urban and Transit Planning Scenarios for 2031 on Car Use and Active Transportation in a Metropolitan Area

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  • Patrick Morency

    (Direction de Santé Publique du Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC H2L 1M3, Canada
    Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada)

  • Céline Plante

    (Direction de Santé Publique du Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC H2L 1M3, Canada)

  • Anne-Sophie Dubé

    (Direction de Santé Publique du Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC H2L 1M3, Canada)

  • Sophie Goudreau

    (Direction de Santé Publique du Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC H2L 1M3, Canada)

  • Catherine Morency

    (Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada)

  • Pierre-Léo Bourbonnais

    (Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada)

  • Naveen Eluru

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Louis-François Tétreault

    (Direction de Santé Publique du Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC H2L 1M3, Canada)

  • Marianne Hatzopoulou

    (Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada)

  • Naveen Chandra Iraganaboina

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Tanmoy Bhowmik

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Audrey Smargiassi

    (Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Montreal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada
    School of Public Health, Centre of Public Health Research, University of Montreal and CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada)

Abstract

Land use and transportation scenarios can help evaluate the potential impacts of urban compact or transit-oriented development (TOD). Future scenarios have been based on hypothetical developments or strategic planning but both have rarely been compared. We developed scenarios for an entire metropolitan area (Montreal, Canada) based on current strategic planning documents and contrasted their potential impacts on car use and active transportation with those of hypothetical scenarios. We collected and analyzed available urban planning documents and obtained key stakeholders’ appreciation of transportation projects on their likelihood of implementation. We allocated 2006–2031 population growth according to recent trends (Business As Usual, BAU) or alternative scenarios (current planning; all in TOD areas; all in central zone). A large-scale and representative Origin-Destination Household Travel Survey was used to measure travel behavior. To estimate distances travelled by mode, in 2031, we used a mode choice model and a simpler method based on the 2008 modal share across population strata. Compared to the BAU, the scenario that allocated all the new population in already dense areas and that also included numerous public transit projects (unlikely to be implemented in 2031), was associated with greatest impacts. Nonetheless such major changes had relatively minor impacts, inducing at most a 15% reduction in distances travel by car and a 28% increase in distances walked, compared to a BAU. Strategies that directly target the reduction of car use, not considered in the scenarios assessed, may be necessary to induce substantial changes in a metropolitan area.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Morency & Céline Plante & Anne-Sophie Dubé & Sophie Goudreau & Catherine Morency & Pierre-Léo Bourbonnais & Naveen Eluru & Louis-François Tétreault & Marianne Hatzopoulou & Naveen Chandra Irag, 2020. "The Potential Impacts of Urban and Transit Planning Scenarios for 2031 on Car Use and Active Transportation in a Metropolitan Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:14:p:5061-:d:384397
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    References listed on IDEAS

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