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Effect of Ambient Air Pollution on Hospital Readmissions among the Pediatric Asthma Patient Population in South Texas: A Case-Crossover Study

Author

Listed:
  • Juha Baek

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Bita A. Kash

    (Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Center for Health & Nature, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Xiaohui Xu

    (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Mark Benden

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Jon Roberts

    (Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Driscoll Children’s Hospital, Corpus Christi, TX 78411, USA)

  • Genny Carrillo

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

Abstract

Few studies have evaluated the association between ambient air pollution and hospital readmissions among children with asthma, especially in low-income communities. This study examined the short-term effects of ambient air pollutants on hospital readmissions for pediatric asthma in South Texas. A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted using the hospitalization data from a children’s hospital and the air pollution data, including particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ) and ozone concentrations, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 2010 and 2014. A conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between ambient air pollution and hospital readmissions, controlling for outdoor temperature. We identified 111 pediatric asthma patients readmitted to the hospital between 2010 and 2014. The single-pollutant models showed that PM 2.5 concentration had a significant positive effect on risk for hospital readmissions (OR = 1.082, 95% CI = 1.008–1.162, p = 0.030). In the two-pollutant models, the increased risk of pediatric readmissions for asthma was significantly associated with both elevated ozone (OR = 1.023, 95% CI = 1.001–1.045, p = 0.042) and PM 2.5 concentrations (OR = 1.080, 95% CI = 1.005–1.161, p = 0.036). The effects of ambient air pollutants on hospital readmissions varied by age and season. Our findings suggest that short-term (4 days) exposure to air pollutants might increase the risk of preventable hospital readmissions for pediatric asthma patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Juha Baek & Bita A. Kash & Xiaohui Xu & Mark Benden & Jon Roberts & Genny Carrillo, 2020. "Effect of Ambient Air Pollution on Hospital Readmissions among the Pediatric Asthma Patient Population in South Texas: A Case-Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:13:p:4846-:d:380710
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pablo Orellano & Nancy Quaranta & Julieta Reynoso & Brenda Balbi & Julia Vasquez, 2017. "Effect of outdoor air pollution on asthma exacerbations in children and adults: Systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Takaro, T.K. & Krieger, J. & Song, L. & Sharify, D. & Beaudet, N., 2011. "The Breathe-Easy home: The impact of asthma-friendly home construction on clinical outcomes and trigger exposure," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(1), pages 55-62.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lisa Smaller & Mehak Batra & Bircan Erbas, 2022. "The Effect of Outdoor Environmental Exposure on Readmission Rates for Children and Adolescents with Asthma—A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-24, June.

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