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9/11 Residential Exposures: The Impact of World Trade Center Dust on Respiratory Outcomes of Lower Manhattan Residents

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  • Vinicius C. Antao

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Center for the Advancement of Value in Musculoskeletal Care, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA)

  • L. Lászlo Pallos

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • Shannon L. Graham

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • Youn K. Shim

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • James H. Sapp

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • Brian Lewis

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • Steven Bullard

    (Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registries, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA)

  • Howard E. Alper

    (Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, World Trade Center Health Registry, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013, USA)

  • James E. Cone

    (Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, World Trade Center Health Registry, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013, USA)

  • Mark R. Farfel

    (Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, World Trade Center Health Registry, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013, USA)

  • Robert M. Brackbill

    (Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, World Trade Center Health Registry, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013, USA)

Abstract

Thousands of lower Manhattan residents sustained damage to their homes following the collapse of the Twin Towers on 11 September 2001. Respiratory outcomes have been reported in this population. We sought to describe patterns of home damage and cleaning practices in lower Manhattan and their impacts on respiratory outcomes among World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) respondents. Data were derived from WTCHR Wave 1 (W1) (9/2003–11/2004) and Wave 2 (W2) (11/2006–12/2007) surveys. Outcomes of interest were respiratory symptoms (shortness of breath (SoB), wheezing, persistent chronic cough, upper respiratory symptoms (URS)) first occurring or worsening after 9/11 W1 and still present at W2 and respiratory diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) first diagnosed after 9/11 W1 and present at W2. We performed descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression and geospatial analyses, controlling for demographics and other exposure variables. A total of 6447 residents were included. Mean age on 9/11 was 45.1 years (±15.1 years), 42% were male, 45% had ever smoked cigarettes, and 44% reported some or intense dust cloud exposure on 9/11. The presence of debris was associated with chronic cough (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.56, CI: 1.12–2.17), and upper respiratory symptoms (aOR = 1.56, CI: 1.24–1.95). A heavy coating of dust was associated with increased shortness of breath (aOR = 1.65, CI: 1.24–2.18), wheezing (aOR = 1.43, CI: 1.03–1.97), and chronic cough (aOR = 1.59, CI: 1.09–2.28). Dusting or sweeping without water was the cleaning behavior associated with the largest number of respiratory outcomes, such as shortness of breath, wheezing, and URS. Lower Manhattan residents who suffered home damage following the 9/11 attacks were more likely to report respiratory symptoms and diseases compared to those who did not report home damage.

Suggested Citation

  • Vinicius C. Antao & L. Lászlo Pallos & Shannon L. Graham & Youn K. Shim & James H. Sapp & Brian Lewis & Steven Bullard & Howard E. Alper & James E. Cone & Mark R. Farfel & Robert M. Brackbill, 2019. "9/11 Residential Exposures: The Impact of World Trade Center Dust on Respiratory Outcomes of Lower Manhattan Residents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-13, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:5:p:798-:d:211020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matthew Lorber & Herman Gibb & Lester Grant & Joseph Pinto & Joachim Pleil & David Cleverly, 2007. "Assessment of Inhalation Exposures and Potential Health Risks to the General Population that Resulted from the Collapse of the World Trade Center Towers," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(5), pages 1203-1221, October.
    2. Maslow, C.B. & Friedman, S.M. & Pillai, P.S. & Reibman, J. & Berger, K.I. & Goldring, R. & Stellman, S.D. & Farfel, M., 2012. "Chronic and acute exposures to the world trade center disaster and lower respiratory symptoms: Area residents and workers," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(6), pages 1186-1194.
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    Cited by:

    1. Robert M. Brackbill & Judith M. Graber & William A. (Allen) Robison, 2019. "Editorial for “Long-Term Health Effects of the 9/11 Disaster” in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-6, September.
    2. Ridhwan Y. Baba & Yian Zhang & Yongzhao Shao & Kenneth I. Berger & Roberta M. Goldring & Mengling Liu & Angeliki Kazeros & Rebecca Rosen & Joan Reibman, 2022. "COPD in Smoking and Non-Smoking Community Members Exposed to the World Trade Center Dust and Fumes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Shahieda Adams & Mayuri Rajani & Roslynn Baatjies & Faieza Omar & Mohamed Fareed Jeebhay, 2022. "Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Residents with Persistent Lower Respiratory Symptoms or Asthma Following a Sulphur Stockpile Fire Incident," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-12, March.

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