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Acute Effects of Air Pollution and Noise from Road Traffic in a Panel of Young Healthy Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Hanns Moshammer

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Julian Panholzer

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Lisa Ulbing

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Emanuel Udvarhelyi

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Barbara Ebenbauer

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

  • Stefanie Peter

    (ZPH, Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Panel studies are an efficient means to assess short-term effects of air pollution and other time-varying environmental exposures. Repeated examinations of volunteers allow for an in-depth analysis of physiological responses supporting the biological interpretation of environmental impacts. Twenty-four healthy students walked for 1 h at a minimum of four separate occasions under each of the following four settings: along a busy road, along a busy road wearing ear plugs, in a park, and in a park but exposed to traffic noise (65 dB) through headphones. Particle mass (PM 2.5 , PM 1 ), particle number, and noise levels were measured throughout each walk. Lung function and exhaled nitrogen oxide (NO) were measured before, immediately after, 1 h after, and approximately 24 h after each walk. Blood pressure and heart rate variability were measured every 15 min during each walk. Recorded air pollution levels were found to correlate with reduced lung function. The effects were clearly significant for end-expiratory flows and remained visible up to 24 h after exposure. While immediate increases in airway resistance could be interpreted as protective (muscular) responses to particulate air pollution, the persisting effects indicate an induced inflammatory reaction. Noise levels reduced systolic blood pressure and heart rate variability. Maybe due to the small sample size, no effects were visible per specific setting (road vs. park).

Suggested Citation

  • Hanns Moshammer & Julian Panholzer & Lisa Ulbing & Emanuel Udvarhelyi & Barbara Ebenbauer & Stefanie Peter, 2019. "Acute Effects of Air Pollution and Noise from Road Traffic in a Panel of Young Healthy Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:5:p:788-:d:210848
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Alan da Silveira Fleck & Margaux L. Sadoine & Stéphane Buteau & Eva Suarthana & Maximilien Debia & Audrey Smargiassi, 2021. "Environmental and Occupational Short-Term Exposure to Airborne Particles and FEV 1 and FVC in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Hanns Moshammer & Michael Poteser & Michael Kundi & Kathrin Lemmerer & Lisbeth Weitensfelder & Peter Wallner & Hans-Peter Hutter, 2020. "Nitrogen-Dioxide Remains a Valid Air Quality Indicator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Hansen Li & Haowei Liu & Zongqian Yang & Shilin Bi & Yang Cao & Guodong Zhang, 2020. "The Effects of Green and Urban Walking in Different Time Frames on Physio-Psychological Responses of Middle-Aged and Older People in Chengdu, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-18, December.

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