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Do Older Adults with Multimorbidity Meet the Recommended Levels of Physical Activity? An Analysis of Scottish Health Survey

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  • Ahmad Salman

    (Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
    Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK)

  • Maha Sellami

    (Sport Science Program (SSP), College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar)

Abstract

There is a positive association between physical activity (PA) and improved health in older adults. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of meeting recommended levels of PA among older adults with multimorbidity. Data has been derived from the nationally representative Scottish Health Surveys (2014–2017). A sub-sample of 2230 older adults (aged 65+) with multimorbidity were the study participants. Physical activity was evaluated using current recommended guidelines. Overall, 32.3% of the participants met the recommended levels of PA. Independent predictors of meeting the recommended levels of PA include male gender [odds ratio (OR) 2.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–2.54)], living in the least deprived areas [OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.20–2.69)]; being a non-smoker [OR 2.22 (95% CI 1.48–3. 34)]. Also, meeting recommended PA decreased with age [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.90–0.94)] and body mass index [OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.95]; but increased per additional portion of fruit and vegetables taken [OR 1.19 (95% CI 1.12–1.25)] and with increase in well-being scale score [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.06)]. Adherence to PA guidelines seems to be more related to age, BMI, gender (i.e. higher PA adherence in men vs. women), social support (i.e. social deprivation), dietary habits (i.e. fruit and vegetable intake) and social isolation among the elderly. In the one-third of older population, adherence to PA was associated to better mental health. Therefore, adaptation of PA guideline to suit theses determinants factors would reduce the gap difference among older adults with multimorbidity and enhance their mental well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad Salman & Maha Sellami, 2019. "Do Older Adults with Multimorbidity Meet the Recommended Levels of Physical Activity? An Analysis of Scottish Health Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-10, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3748-:d:273570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ragna Stalsberg & Arve Vorland Pedersen, 2018. "Are Differences in Physical Activity across Socioeconomic Groups Associated with Choice of Physical Activity Variables to Report?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Grainne O’Donoghue & Aileen Kennedy & Anna Puggina & Katina Aleksovska & Christoph Buck & Con Burns & Greet Cardon & Angela Carlin & Donatella Ciarapica & Marco Colotto & Giancarlo Condello & Tara Cop, 2018. "Socio-economic determinants of physical activity across the life course: A "DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity" (DEDIPAC) umbrella literature review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-24, January.
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    1. Maria Isabel Cardona & Marina Weißenborn & Isabel Zöllinger & Eric Sven Kroeber & Alexander Bauer & Melanie Luppa & Alexander Pabst & David Czock & Hans-Helmut König & Birgitt Wiese & Jochen Gensichen, 2022. "Physical Activity Determinants in Older German Adults at Increased Dementia Risk with Multimorbidity: Baseline Results of the AgeWell.de Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.

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