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Cumulative Impact of Environmental Pollution and Population Vulnerability on Pediatric Asthma Hospitalizations: A Multilevel Analysis of CalEnviroScreen

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  • Emanuel Alcala

    (Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
    Central Valley Health Policy Institute, College of Health and Human Services, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA)

  • Paul Brown

    (Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA)

  • John A. Capitman

    (Central Valley Health Policy Institute, College of Health and Human Services, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA)

  • Mariaelena Gonzalez

    (Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA)

  • Ricardo Cisneros

    (Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA)

Abstract

The CalEnviroScreen created by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Sacramento, USA, is a place-based dataset developed to measure environmental and social indicators that are theorized to have cumulative health impacts on populations. The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which the composite scores of the CalEnviroScreen tool are associated with pediatric asthma hospitalization. This was a retrospective analysis of California hospital discharge data from 2010 to 2012. Children who were hospitalized for asthma-related conditions, were aged 0–14 years, and resided in California were included in analysis. Rates of hospitalization for asthma-related conditions among children residing in California were calculated. Poisson multilevel modeling was used to account for individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors. Every unit increase in the CalEnviroScreen Score was associated with an increase of 1.6% above the mean rate of pediatric asthma hospitalizations (rate ratio (RR) = 1.016, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.014–1.018). Every unit increase in racial/ethnic segregation and diesel particulate matter was associated with an increase of 1.1% and 0.2% above the mean rate of pediatric asthma, respectively (RR = 1.011, 95% CI = 1.010–1.013; RR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.001–1.004). The CalEnviroScreen is a unique tool that combines socioecological factors and environmental indicators to identify vulnerable communities with major health disparities, including pediatric asthma hospital use. Future research should identify mediating factors that contribute to community-level health disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Emanuel Alcala & Paul Brown & John A. Capitman & Mariaelena Gonzalez & Ricardo Cisneros, 2019. "Cumulative Impact of Environmental Pollution and Population Vulnerability on Pediatric Asthma Hospitalizations: A Multilevel Analysis of CalEnviroScreen," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:15:p:2683-:d:252205
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Angelica I. Tiotiu & Plamena Novakova & Denislava Nedeva & Herberto Jose Chong-Neto & Silviya Novakova & Paschalis Steiropoulos & Krzysztof Kowal, 2020. "Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-29, August.
    3. Raoul S. Liévanos, 2019. "Racialized Structural Vulnerability: Neighborhood Racial Composition, Concentrated Disadvantage, and Fine Particulate Matter in California," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, September.
    4. Sheena E. Martenies & Mingyu Zhang & Anne E. Corrigan & Anton Kvit & Timothy Shields & William Wheaton & Deana Around Him & Judy Aschner & Maria M. Talavera-Barber & Emily S. Barrett & Theresa M. Bast, 2023. "Developing a National-Scale Exposure Index for Combined Environmental Hazards and Social Stressors and Applications to the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Xinpeng Xing & Jianhua Wang & Tiansen Liu & He Liu & Yue Zhu, 2019. "How Energy Consumption and Pollutant Emissions Affect the Disparity of Public Health in Countries with High Fossil Energy Consumption," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-18, November.

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