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Development and Validation of a Simple Convenience Store SHELF Audit

Author

Listed:
  • Tanya M. Horacek

    (Department of Public Health Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA)

  • Elif Dede Yildirim

    (Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA)

  • Erin Kelly

    (Department of Public Health Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
    Biology Department, Utica College, 1600 Burrstone Rd., Utica, NY, 13502, USA)

  • Adrienne A. White

    (School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5735, USA)

  • Karla P. Shelnutt

    (Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA)

  • Kristin Riggsbee

    (Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA)

  • Melissa D. Olfert

    (Division of Animal & Nutritional Sciences, School of Agriculture, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Jesse Stabile Morrell

    (Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA)

  • Anne E. Mathews

    (Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA)

  • Terezie T. Mosby

    (Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA)

  • Tandalayo Kidd

    (Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA)

  • Kendra Kattelmann

    (Health and Nutritional Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA)

  • Geoffrey Greene

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA)

  • Lisa Franzen-Castle

    (Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA)

  • Sarah Colby

    (Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA)

  • Carol Byrd-Bredbenner

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Onikia Brown

    (Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA)

Abstract

Background This paper describes the development, reliability, and convergent validity of a practical tool—the Convenience Store Supportive Healthy Environment for Life-Promoting Food (SHELF) Audit. Methods Audit items included: a variety of fresh, processed, and frozen fruits and vegetables; low-fat dairy products; healthy staples and frozen meals; healthy food incentive programs; items sold in check-out areas; portion/cup sizes; and pricing. Each audit item was scored using a five-point semantic-differential scale (1 = provides little or no support for healthful foods to 5 = provides high support for healthful foods). Convergent validity was examined by comparing the SHELF audit to Ghirardelli et al. and Laska et al. store audits. Statistical analysis included: Factor analysis, ANOVA, and Spearman correlations. Results SHELF included three factors: a Fruits/Vegetables scale (eight items, α = 0.79; total potential points = 34); a Healthy Foods scale (four items, α = 0.72; total potential points = 16); and a Supports scale (four items, α = 0.685; total potential points = 16). Only 6% of the 124 convenience stores assessed scored in the most healthful range (46–66). The assessed drug stores ( n = 15) scored higher than convenience stores ( n = 81) on the Healthy Foods and Supports scales but not the Fruits/Vegetables scale. The SHELF sub-scores were highly correlated with other audit tools indicating convergent validity. Conclusion The SHELF convenience store audit is a valid, reliable tool for assessing the degree to which convenience stores support healthfulness regarding Fruits/Vegetables, Healthy Foods, and Supports for choosing healthy.

Suggested Citation

  • Tanya M. Horacek & Elif Dede Yildirim & Erin Kelly & Adrienne A. White & Karla P. Shelnutt & Kristin Riggsbee & Melissa D. Olfert & Jesse Stabile Morrell & Anne E. Mathews & Terezie T. Mosby & Tandala, 2018. "Development and Validation of a Simple Convenience Store SHELF Audit," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2676-:d:186036
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dannefer, R. & Williams, D.A. & Baronberg, S. & Silver, L., 2012. "Healthy bodegas: Increasing and promoting healthy foods at corner stores in New York City," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(10), pages 27-31.
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    1. Alex B. Hill & Ravneet Kaur & Samantha M. Sundermeir & Christina Kasprzak & Megan Winkler & Sara John & Rachael D. Dombrowski & Bree Bode & Joel Gittelsohn, 2022. "Refining the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS) for Healthy Community Stores: Adaptations to Capture Alternative Food Retailers and Align with Dietary Guidelines," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.

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