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Hazardous Drinking among Students over a Decade of University Policy Change: Controlled Before-and-After Evaluation

Author

Listed:
  • Kypros Kypri

    (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
    School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia)

  • Brett Maclennan

    (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand)

  • Kimberly Cousins

    (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand)

  • Jennie Connor

    (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand)

Abstract

Background : Responding to high levels of alcohol-related harm among students, a New Zealand university deployed a security and liaison service, strengthened the Student Code of Conduct, increased its input on the operation of alcohol outlets near campus, and banned alcohol advertising on campus. We estimated the change in the prevalence of alcohol consumption patterns among students at the university compared with other universities. Methods : We conducted a controlled before-and-after study with surveys in residential colleges at the target university in 2004 and 2014, and in random samples of students at the target university and three control universities in 2005 and 2013. The primary outcome was the prevalence of recent intoxication, while we analysed drinking per se and drinking in selected locations to investigate mechanisms of change. Results : The 7-day prevalence of intoxication decreased from 45% in 2004 to 33% in 2014 (absolute difference: 12%; 95% CI: 7% to 17%) among students living in residential colleges, and from 40% in 2005 to 26% in 2013 (absolute difference: 14%; 95% CI: 8% to 20%) in the wider student body of the intervention university. The intervention effect estimate, representing the change at the intervention university adjusted for change at other universities (aOR = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.90), was consistent with a benefit of intervention but was not statistically significant ( p = 0.17). Conclusion : In this period of alcohol policy reform, drinking to intoxication decreased substantially in the targeted student population. Policy reforms and coincidental environmental changes may each have contributed to these reductions.

Suggested Citation

  • Kypros Kypri & Brett Maclennan & Kimberly Cousins & Jennie Connor, 2018. "Hazardous Drinking among Students over a Decade of University Policy Change: Controlled Before-and-After Evaluation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2137-:d:172542
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kypri, K. & Davie, G. & McElduff, P. & Connor, J. & Langley, J., 2014. "Effects of lowering the minimum alcohol purchasing age on weekend assaults resulting in hospitalization in New Zealand," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(8), pages 1396-1401.
    2. Wechsler, Henry & Lee, Jae Eun & Hall, John & Wagenaar, Alexander C. & Lee, Hang, 2002. "Secondhand effects of student alcohol use reported by neighbors of colleges: the role of alcohol outlets," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 55(3), pages 425-435, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tanya M. Horacek & Marlei Simon & Elif Dede Yildirim & Adrienne A. White & Karla P. Shelnutt & Kristin Riggsbee & Melissa D. Olfert & Jesse Stabile Morrell & Anne E. Mathews & Wenjun Zhou & Tandalayo , 2019. "Development and Validation of the Policies, Opportunities, Initiatives and Notable Topics (POINTS) Audit for Campuses and Worksites," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Kypros Kypri & Brett Maclennan & Jennie Connor, 2020. "Alcohol Harms over a Period of Alcohol Policy Reform: Surveys of New Zealand College Residents in 2004 and 2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-8, January.
    3. Anees Bahji & Paul Boonmak & Michelle Koller & Christina Milani & Cate Sutherland & Salinda Horgan & Shu-Ping Chen & Scott Patten & Heather Stuart, 2024. "Associations between Gender Expression, Protective Coping Strategies, Alcohol Saliency, and High-Risk Alcohol Use in Post-Secondary Students at Two Canadian Universities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(1), pages 1-12, January.
    4. Andrea Pastor & Xisca Sureda & Roberto Valiente & Hannah Badland & Macarena García-Dorado & Francisco Escobar, 2022. "Using Geovisualization Tools to Examine Attitudes towards Alcohol Exposure in Urban Environments: A Pilot Study in Madrid, Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, July.

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