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Type and Proximity of Green Spaces Are Important for Preventing Cardiovascular Morbidity and Diabetes—A Cross-Sectional Study for Quebec, Canada

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  • Roland Ngom

    (Geoimpacts Consulting, 111 Rue de la Chasse Galerie, Québec, QC G1B 1Y2, Canada)

  • Pierre Gosselin

    (Institut National de la Santé Publique du Québec, 945, Avenue Wolfe, QC G1V 5B3, Canada
    Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada)

  • Claudia Blais

    (Institut National de la Santé Publique du Québec, 945, Avenue Wolfe, QC G1V 5B3, Canada
    Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médécine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada)

  • Louis Rochette

    (Institut National de la Santé Publique du Québec, 945, Avenue Wolfe, QC G1V 5B3, Canada)

Abstract

This study aimed at determining the role of proximity to specific types of green spaces (GSes) as well as their spatial location in the relationship with the most morbid cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes. We measured the accessibility to various types of GS and used a cross-sectional approach at census Dissemination Area (DA) levels in the Montreal and Quebec City metropolitan zones for the period 2006–2011. Poisson and negative binomial regression models were fitted to quantify the relationship between distances to specific types of GS and CVD morbidity as well as some risk factors (diabetes and hypertension) while controlling for several social and environmental confounders. GSes that have sports facilities showed a significant relationship to cerebrovascular diseases: the most distant population had an 11% higher prevalence rate ratio (PRR) compared to the nearest, as well as higher diabetes risk (PRR 9%) than the nearest. However, the overall model performance and the understanding of the role of GSes with sport facilities may be substantially achieved with lifestyle factors. Significantly higher prevalence of diabetes and cerebrovascular diseases as well as lower access to GSes equipped with sports facilities were found in suburban areas. GSes can advantageously be used to prevent some CVDs and their risk factors, but there may be a need to reconsider their types and location.

Suggested Citation

  • Roland Ngom & Pierre Gosselin & Claudia Blais & Louis Rochette, 2016. "Type and Proximity of Green Spaces Are Important for Preventing Cardiovascular Morbidity and Diabetes—A Cross-Sectional Study for Quebec, Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:4:p:423-:d:68260
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tiana C. L. Moreira & Jefferson L. Polizel & Itamar de Souza Santos & Demóstenes F. Silva Filho & Isabela Bensenor & Paulo A. Lotufo & Thais Mauad, 2020. "Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Hye-Jin Kim & Jin-Young Min & Hyun-Jin Kim & Kyoung-Bok Min, 2016. "Parks and Green Areas Are Associated with Decreased Risk for Hyperlipidemia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Javier Dopico & Beat Schäffer & Mark Brink & Martin Röösli & Danielle Vienneau & Tina Maria Binz & Silvia Tobias & Nicole Bauer & Jean Marc Wunderli, 2023. "How Do Road Traffic Noise and Residential Greenness Correlate with Noise Annoyance and Long-Term Stress? Protocol and Pilot Study for a Large Field Survey with a Cross-Sectional Design," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Phi-Yen Nguyen & Thomas Astell-Burt & Hania Rahimi-Ardabili & Xiaoqi Feng, 2021. "Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-38, October.
    5. Shujun Fan & Zhenxiang Xue & Jun Yuan & Ziyan Zhou & Yuzhong Wang & Zhicong Yang & Boyi Yang & Guanghui Dong & Zhoubin Zhang, 2019. "Associations of Residential Greenness with Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Uyghur Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-11, December.

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