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Perceived Discrimination and Health among Immigrants in Europe According to National Integration Policies

Author

Listed:
  • Carme Borrell

    (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona 08023, Spain
    Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, 28029, Spain
    Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
    Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona 08025, Spain)

  • Laia Palència

    (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona 08023, Spain
    Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, 28029, Spain
    Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona 08025, Spain)

  • Xavier Bartoll

    (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona 08023, Spain
    Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona 08025, Spain)

  • Umar Ikram

    (Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1100 DD, the Netherlands)

  • Davide Malmusi

    (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona 08023, Spain
    Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona 08025, Spain)

Abstract

Background : Discrimination harms immigrants’ health. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between perceived discrimination and health outcomes among first and second generation immigrants from low-income countries living in Europe, while accounting for sex and the national policy on immigration. Methods : Cross-sectional study including immigrants from low-income countries aged ≥15 years in 18 European countries (European Social Survey, 2012) (sample of 1271 men and 1335 women). The dependent variables were self-reported health, symptoms of depression, and limitation of activity. The independent variables were perceived group discrimination, immigrant background and national immigrant integration policy. We tested for association between perceived group discrimination and health outcomes by fitting robust Poisson regression models. Results : We only observed significant associations between perceived group discrimination and health outcomes in first generation immigrants. For example, depression was associated with discrimination among both men and women (Prevalence Ratio-, 1.55 (95% CI: 1.16–2.07) and 1.47 (95% CI: 1.15–1.89) in the multivariate model, respectively), and mainly in countries with assimilationist immigrant integration policies. Conclusion : Perceived group discrimination is associated with poor health outcomes in first generation immigrants from low-income countries who live in European countries, but not among their descendants. These associations are more important in assimilationist countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Carme Borrell & Laia Palència & Xavier Bartoll & Umar Ikram & Davide Malmusi, 2015. "Perceived Discrimination and Health among Immigrants in Europe According to National Integration Policies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:9:p:10687-10699:d:55059
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viruell-Fuentes, Edna A. & Miranda, Patricia Y. & Abdulrahim, Sawsan, 2012. "More than culture: Structural racism, intersectionality theory, and immigrant health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(12), pages 2099-2106.
    2. Umar Z Ikram & Davide Malmusi & Knud Juel & Grégoire Rey & Anton E Kunst, 2015. "Association between Integration Policies and Immigrants’ Mortality: An Explorative Study across Three European Countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
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    1. Elisa Barbiano di Belgiojoso & Eralba Cela & Eleonora Trappolini, 2024. "The effect of migration and time spent abroad on migrants’ health: A home/host country perspective," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 50(37), pages 1113-1150.
    2. Javier Casillas-Clot & Pamela Pereyra-Zamora & Andreu Nolasco, 2021. "Determinants of Disability in Minority Populations in Spain: A Nationwide Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Hafifa Siddiq & Najmeh Maharlouei & Babak Najand & Arash Rahmani & Hossein Zare, 2023. "Immigration Status, Educational Level, and Perceived Discrimination in Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.

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