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Additional Burden of Diseases Associated with Cadmium Exposure: A Case Study of Cadmium Contaminated Rice Fields in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand

Author

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  • Nisarat Songprasert

    (International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

  • Thitiporn Sukaew

    (International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

  • Khanitta Kusreesakul

    (International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

  • Witaya Swaddiwudhipong

    (Department of Community and Social Medicine, Mae Sot General Hospital, Tak 63110, Thailand)

  • Chantana Padungtod

    (Bureau of Occupational and Environmental Disease, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

  • Kanitta Bundhamcharoen

    (International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

Abstract

The cadmium (Cd) contaminated rice fields in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand has been one of the major environmental problems in Thailand for the last 10 years. We used disability adjusted life years (DALYs) to estimate the burden of disease attributable to Cd in terms of additional DALYs of Mae Sot residents. Cd exposure data included Cd and β 2 –microglobulin (β 2 -MG) in urine (as an internal exposure dose) and estimated cadmium daily intake (as an external exposure dose). Compared to the general Thai population, Mae Sot residents gained 10%–86% DALYs from nephrosis/nephritis, heart diseases, osteoporosis and cancer depending on their Cd exposure type and exposure level. The results for urinary Cd and dietary Cd intake varied according to the studies used for risk estimation. The ceiling effect was observed in results using dietary Cd intake because of the high Cd content in rice grown in the Mae Sot area. The results from β 2 -MG were more robust with additional DALYs ranging from 36%–86% for heart failure, cerebral infraction, and nephrosis/nephritis. Additional DALYs is a useful approach for assessing the magnitude of environmental Cd exposure. The Mae Sot population lost more healthy life compared to populations living in a non- or less Cd polluted area. This method should be applicable to various types of environmental contamination problems if exposure assessment information is available.

Suggested Citation

  • Nisarat Songprasert & Thitiporn Sukaew & Khanitta Kusreesakul & Witaya Swaddiwudhipong & Chantana Padungtod & Kanitta Bundhamcharoen, 2015. "Additional Burden of Diseases Associated with Cadmium Exposure: A Case Study of Cadmium Contaminated Rice Fields in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:8:p:9199-9217:d:53843
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Young Ae Cho & Jeongseon Kim & Hae Dong Woo & Moonsu Kang, 2013. "Dietary Cadmium Intake and the Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(9), pages 1-1, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luis M. Puerto-Parejo & Ignacio Aliaga & María L. Canal-Macias & Olga Leal-Hernandez & Raul Roncero-Martín & Sergio Rico-Martín & Jose M. Moran, 2017. "Evaluation of the Dietary Intake of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury and Its Relationship with Bone Health among Postmenopausal Women in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-12, May.

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