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Cognitive Functioning and Walking Speed in Older Adults as Predictors of Limitations in Self-Reported Instrumental Activity of Daily Living: Prospective Findings from the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly

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  • Hyuma Makizako

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Hiroyuki Shimada

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Takehiko Doi

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Kota Tsutsumimoto

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Sangyoon Lee

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Ryo Hotta

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Sho Nakakubo

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Kazuhiro Harada

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Sungchul Lee

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Seongryu Bae

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Kenji Harada

    (Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centerfor Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Takao Suzuki

    (Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu,Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

Abstract

Our aim was to determine whether baseline measures of cognitive functioning, walking speed, and depressive status are independent predictors of limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in older adults. The cross-sectional study involved 1329 community-dwelling adults, aged 75 years or older. At baseline, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Symbol Digit Substitution Test (SDST), Geriatric Depressive Scale (GDS), and a word list memory task were completed, and self-reported IADLs and walking speed were recorded. The longitudinal study involved 948 participants without baseline IADL limitation, which was assessed at baseline and 15-month follow up, using the three Kihon Checklist subitems. In cross-sectional analyses, participants with IADL limitation demonstrated greater GDS scores, slower walking speeds, and lower MMSE, word list memory task, and SDST (only for women) scores relative to those without IADL limitation. In the longitudinal analyses, baseline walking speed (men: OR 0.98; women: OR 0.97, p < 0.05) and word list memory task scores (men: OR 0.84; women: OR 0.83, p < 0.05) in both sexes and SDST scores in women (OR 0.96, p = 0.04) were independent predictors of subsequent IADL limitation. Walking speed, memory, and processing speed may be independent predictors of IADL limitation in older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyuma Makizako & Hiroyuki Shimada & Takehiko Doi & Kota Tsutsumimoto & Sangyoon Lee & Ryo Hotta & Sho Nakakubo & Kazuhiro Harada & Sungchul Lee & Seongryu Bae & Kenji Harada & Takao Suzuki, 2015. "Cognitive Functioning and Walking Speed in Older Adults as Predictors of Limitations in Self-Reported Instrumental Activity of Daily Living: Prospective Findings from the Obu Study of Health Promotion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-12, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:3:p:3002-3013:d:46653
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stuck, Andreas E. & Walthert, Jutta M. & Nikolaus, Thorsten & Büla, Christophe J. & Hohmann, Christoph & Beck, John C., 1999. "Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 445-469, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Natalia Wołoszyn & Joanna Grzegorczyk & Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej & Justyna Kilian & Andrzej Kwolek, 2020. "Psychophysical Health Factors and Its Correlations in Elderly Wheelchair Users Who Live in Nursing Homes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Keitaro Makino & Sangyoon Lee & Seongryu Bae & Yohei Shinkai & Ippei Chiba & Hiroyuki Shimada, 2020. "Predictive Validity of a New Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale for Detecting the Incidence of Functional Disability among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Stu," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-9, March.

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