IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jgeogr/v3y2023i3p23-458d1195550.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

OpenDroneMap: Multi-Platform Performance Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Augustine-Moses Gaavwase Gbagir

    (Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80100 Joensuu, Finland)

  • Kylli Ek

    (CSC—IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, 02101 Espoo, Finland)

  • Alfred Colpaert

    (Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80100 Joensuu, Finland)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the performance of the open-source OpenDroneMap image processing software (ODM) across multiple platforms. We tested desktop and laptop computers as well as high-performance cloud computing and supercomputers. Multiple machine configurations (CPU cores and memory) were used. We used eBee S.O.D.A. drone image datasets from Namibia and northern Finland. For testing, we used the OpenDroneMap command line tool with default settings and the fast orthophoto option, which produced a good quality orthomosaic. We also used the “rerun-all option” to ensure that all jobs started from the same point. Our results show that ODM processing time is dependent upon the number of images, a high number of which can lead to high memory demands, with low memory leading to an excessively long processing time. Adding additional CPU cores is beneficial to ODM up to a certain limit. A 20-core machine seems optimal for a dataset of about 1000 images, although 10 cores will result only in slightly longer processing times. We did not find any indication of improvement when processing larger datasets using 40-core machines. For 1000 images, 64 GB memory seems to be sufficient, but for larger datasets of about 8000 images, higher memory of up to 256 GB is required for efficient processing. ODM can use GPU acceleration, at least in some processing stages, reducing processing time. In comparison to commercial software, ODM seems to be slower, but the created orthomosaics are of equal quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Augustine-Moses Gaavwase Gbagir & Kylli Ek & Alfred Colpaert, 2023. "OpenDroneMap: Multi-Platform Performance Analysis," Geographies, MDPI, vol. 3(3), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jgeogr:v:3:y:2023:i:3:p:23-458:d:1195550
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7086/3/3/23/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7086/3/3/23/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bruce Kogut & Anca Metiu, 2001. "Open-Source Software Development and Distributed Innovation," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 17(2), pages 248-264, Summer.
    2. von Krogh, Georg & von Hippel, Eric, 2003. "Special issue on open source software development," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1149-1157, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jean-Michel Dalle & Paul A. David, 2007. "“It Takes All Kinds”: A Simulation Modeling Perspective on Motivation and Coordination in Libre Software Development Projects," Discussion Papers 07-024, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
    2. Blecker, Thorsten & Abdelkafi, Nizar & Raasch, Christina, 2008. "Enabling and Sustaining Collaborative Innovation," MPRA Paper 8964, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Jean-Michel Dalle & Paul A. David, 2005. "Simulating Code Growth in Libre (Open-Source) Mode," Discussion Papers 04-002, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
    4. Waring, Teresa & Maddocks, Philip, 2005. "Open Source Software implementation in the UK public sector: Evidence from the field and implications for the future," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 411-428.
    5. Engelhardt, Sebastian v. & Freytag, Andreas, 2013. "Institutions, culture, and open source," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 90-110.
    6. Bitzer, Jürgen & Geishecker, Ingo, 2010. "Who contributes voluntarily to OSS? An investigation among German IT employees," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 165-172, February.
    7. Gauguier, Jean-Jacques, 2009. "L’industrialisation de l’Open Source," Economics Thesis from University Paris Dauphine, Paris Dauphine University, number 123456789/4388 edited by Toledano, Joëlle.
    8. Nicolas Jullien & Jean-Benoît Zimmermann, 2011. "FLOSS in an industrial economics perspective," Revue d'économie industrielle, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(4), pages 39-64.
    9. Li, Yung-Ming & Lee, Yi-Lin, 2010. "Pricing peer-produced services: Quality, capacity, and competition issues," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(3), pages 1658-1668, December.
    10. Anca Metiu, 2006. "Owning the Code: Status Closure in Distributed Groups," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 17(4), pages 418-435, August.
    11. Alessandro Rossi & Alessandro Narduzzo, 2003. "Modular design and the development of complex artifact lesson fron free open source software," Quaderni DISA 080, Department of Computer and Management Sciences, University of Trento, Italy, revised 29 Sep 2003.
    12. Lee Fleming & David M. Waguespack, 2007. "Brokerage, Boundary Spanning, and Leadership in Open Innovation Communities," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 18(2), pages 165-180, April.
    13. Bitzer, Jurgen & Schrettl, Wolfram & Schroder, Philipp J.H., 2007. "Intrinsic motivation in open source software development," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 160-169, March.
    14. Osterloh, Margit & Rota, Sandra, 2007. "Open source software development--Just another case of collective invention?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 157-171, March.
    15. Gaudeul, Alexia, 2008. "Open Source Licensing in Mixed Markets, or Why Open Source Software Does Not Succeed," MPRA Paper 19596, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Cerquera Dussán, Daniel & Müller, Bettina, 2009. "Open Source, ICT infrastructure and firm performance," ZEW Discussion Papers 09-089, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    17. Becker, Markus C. & Rullani, Francesco & Zirpoli, Francesco, 2021. "The role of digital artefacts in early stages of distributed innovation processes," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(10).
    18. Hyysalo, Sampsa & Juntunen, Jouni K. & Martiskainen, Mari, 2018. "Energy Internet forums as acceleration phase transition intermediaries," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(5), pages 872-885.
    19. Sheen S. Levine & Michael J. Prietula, 2014. "Open Collaboration for Innovation: Principles and Performance," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 25(5), pages 1414-1433, October.
    20. Jean-Michel Dalle & Paul David, 2005. "The Allocation of Software Development Resources In ‘Open Source’ Production Mode," Industrial Organization 0502011, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jgeogr:v:3:y:2023:i:3:p:23-458:d:1195550. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.