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Blockchain-Enabled Edge Intelligence for IoT: Background, Emerging Trends and Open Issues

Author

Listed:
  • Yao Du

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada)

  • Zehua Wang

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada)

  • Victor C. M. Leung

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
    College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

Abstract

Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology (DLT), refers to a list of records with consecutive time stamps. This decentralization technology has become a powerful model to establish trust among trustless entities, in a verifiable manner. Motivated by the recent advancement of multi-access edge computing (MEC) and artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain-enabled edge intelligence has become an emerging technology for the Internet of Things (IoT). We review how blockchain-enabled edge intelligence works in the IoT domain, identify the emerging trends, and suggest open issues for further research. To be specific: (1) we first offer some basic knowledge of DLT, MEC, and AI; (2) a comprehensive review of current peer-reviewed literature is given to identify emerging trends in this research area; and (3) we discuss some open issues and research gaps for future investigations. We expect that blockchain-enabled edge intelligence will become an important enabler of future IoT, providing trust and intelligence to satisfy the sophisticated needs of industries and society.

Suggested Citation

  • Yao Du & Zehua Wang & Victor C. M. Leung, 2021. "Blockchain-Enabled Edge Intelligence for IoT: Background, Emerging Trends and Open Issues," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jftint:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:48-:d:500694
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Furqan Jameel & Uzair Javaid & Wali Ullah Khan & Muhammad Naveed Aman & Haris Pervaiz & Riku Jäntti, 2020. "Reinforcement Learning in Blockchain-Enabled IIoT Networks: A Survey of Recent Advances and Open Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Huru Hasanova & Ui‐jun Baek & Mu‐gon Shin & Kyunghee Cho & Myung‐Sup Kim, 2019. "A survey on blockchain cybersecurity vulnerabilities and possible countermeasures," International Journal of Network Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(2), March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dénes László Fekete & Attila Kiss, 2021. "A Survey of Ledger Technology-Based Databases," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Yehia Ibrahim Alzoubi & Ahmad Al-Ahmad & Hasan Kahtan & Ashraf Jaradat, 2022. "Internet of Things and Blockchain Integration: Security, Privacy, Technical, and Design Challenges," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-48, July.
    3. Yaçine Merrad & Mohamed Hadi Habaebi & Siti Fauziah Toha & Md. Rafiqul Islam & Teddy Surya Gunawan & Mokhtaria Mesri, 2022. "Fully Decentralized, Cost-Effective Energy Demand Response Management System with a Smart Contracts-Based Optimal Power Flow Solution for Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-27, June.
    4. Elarbi Badidi, 2022. "Edge AI and Blockchain for Smart Sustainable Cities: Promise and Potential," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-30, June.

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