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Comparative Study on Different Energy Management Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Ximing Wang

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Hongwen He

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Fengchun Sun

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Xiaokun Sun

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Henglu Tang

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have a larger battery and can replace a certain amount of conventional fossil fuels with grid electricity, which differs from the traditional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The application of the onboard electrical energy significantly influences the energy utilization efficiency and thus impacts the fuel economy. In this paper, the basic PHEV operation modes are defined as pure electric driving (PED), hybrid driving charge depleting (HDCD) and hybrid driving charge sustaining (HDCS) based on the battery state of charge ( SoC ) profile. For a plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB), three different energy management strategies, which are combined with two or three of the basic operation modes, are put forward and comparatively examined based on simulation models. If some trip information can be approximately known in advance such as the trip distance and the mean power demand, the PED + HDCD + HDCS strategy comprised optimally of the PED mode, the HDCD mode and the HDCS mode would be the best energy management strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Ximing Wang & Hongwen He & Fengchun Sun & Xiaokun Sun & Henglu Tang, 2013. "Comparative Study on Different Energy Management Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(11), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:6:y:2013:i:11:p:5656-5675:d:29989
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Md. Sazal Miah & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & Sheikh Tanzim Meraj & Kamrul Hasan & Shaheer Ansari & Taskin Jamal & Hasan Masrur & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Aini Hussain, 2021. "Optimized Energy Management Schemes for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Bibliometric Analysis towards Future Trends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-38, November.
    2. Mohammad Ali Karbaschian & Dirk Söffker, 2014. "Review and Comparison of Power Management Approaches for Hybrid Vehicles with Focus on Hydraulic Drives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-25, May.
    3. Peng, Jiankun & He, Hongwen & Xiong, Rui, 2017. "Rule based energy management strategy for a series–parallel plug-in hybrid electric bus optimized by dynamic programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1633-1643.
    4. Ximing Wang & Hongwen He & Fengchun Sun & Jieli Zhang, 2015. "Application Study on the Dynamic Programming Algorithm for Energy Management of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-20, April.
    5. Jiangyi Lv & Hongwen He & Wei Liu & Yong Chen & Fengchun Sun, 2019. "Vehicle Velocity Estimation Fusion with Kinematic Integral and Empirical Correction on Multi-Timescales," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-24, April.
    6. Aimin Du & Yaoyi Chen & Dongxu Zhang & Yeyang Han, 2021. "Multi-Objective Energy Management Strategy Based on PSO Optimization for Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, April.
    7. Walker, Paul D. & Roser, Holger M., 2015. "Energy consumption and cost analysis of hybrid electric powertrain configurations for two wheelers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 279-287.
    8. Zhaobo Qin & Yugong Luo & Keqiang Li & Huei Peng, 2017. "Optimal Design of a Novel Hybrid Electric Powertrain for Tracked Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-25, December.
    9. Saiteja, Pemmareddy & Ashok, B., 2022. "Critical review on structural architecture, energy control strategies and development process towards optimal energy management in hybrid vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    10. Andrzej Łebkowski, 2019. "Studies of Energy Consumption by a City Bus Powered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System in Variable Road Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-39, March.
    11. Waruna Maddumage & Malika Perera & Rahula Attalage & Patrick Kelly, 2021. "Power Management Strategy of a Parallel Hybrid Three-Wheeler for Fuel and Emission Reduction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-30, March.
    12. Wu, Changcheng & Ruan, Jiageng & Cui, Hanghang & Zhang, Bin & Li, Tongyang & Zhang, Kaixuan, 2023. "The application of machine learning based energy management strategy in multi-mode plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, part I: Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm design for hybrid ," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    13. Yongpeng Shen & Zhendong He & Dongqi Liu & Binjie Xu, 2016. "Optimization of Fuel Consumption and Emissions for Auxiliary Power Unit Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Farouk Odeim & Jürgen Roes & Angelika Heinzel, 2015. "Power Management Optimization of an Experimental Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-26, June.
    15. Zhang, Pei & Yan, Fuwu & Du, Changqing, 2015. "A comprehensive analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles based on bibliometrics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 88-104.
    16. Xiaohong Jiao & Tielong Shen, 2014. "SDP Policy Iteration-Based Energy Management Strategy Using Traffic Information for Commuter Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-28, July.
    17. Matthias Rogge & Sebastian Wollny & Dirk Uwe Sauer, 2015. "Fast Charging Battery Buses for the Electrification of Urban Public Transport—A Feasibility Study Focusing on Charging Infrastructure and Energy Storage Requirements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-20, May.
    18. Wu, Guoyuan & Qi, Xuewei & Barth, Matthew & Boriboonsomsin, Kanok, 2016. "Advanced Energy Management Strategy Development for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt7q40f9wc, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    19. Gianluca Brando & Adolfo Dannier & Andrea Del Pizzo, 2022. "Efficiency Analytical Characterization for Brushless Electric Drives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-11, April.
    20. Jingang Han & Jean-Frederic Charpentier & Tianhao Tang, 2014. "An Energy Management System of a Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Boat," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-22, April.
    21. Manzolli, Jônatas Augusto & Trovão, João Pedro & Antunes, Carlos Henggeler, 2022. "A review of electric bus vehicles research topics – Methods and trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    22. Li, Gaopeng & Zhang, Jieli & He, Hongwen, 2017. "Battery SOC constraint comparison for predictive energy management of plug-in hybrid electric bus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 578-587.
    23. Liu, Hanwu & Lei, Yulong & Fu, Yao & Li, Xingzhong, 2022. "A novel hybrid-point-line energy management strategy based on multi-objective optimization for range-extended electric vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    24. Bo Long & Shin Teak Lim & Ji Hyoung Ryu & Kil To Chong, 2013. "Energy-Regenerative Braking Control of Electric Vehicles Using Three-Phase Brushless Direct-Current Motors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-16, December.

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