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Low-Cost Feedstock Conversion to Biodiesel via Ultrasound Technology

Author

Listed:
  • Omotola Babajide

    (Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa)

  • Leslie Petrik

    (Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa)

  • Bamikole Amigun

    (Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
    Sustainable Energy Futures, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Stellenbosch, South Africa)

  • Farouk Ameer

    (Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa)

Abstract

Biodiesel has attracted increasing interest and has proved to be a good substitute for fossil-based fuels due to its environmental advantages and availability from renewable resources such as refined and waste vegetable oils. Several studies have shown that biodiesel is a better fuel than the fossil-derived diesel in terms of engine performance, emissions reduction, lubricity and environmental benefits. The increasing popularity of biodiesel has generated great demand for its commercial production methods, which in turn calls for the development of technically and economically sound process technologies. This paper explores the applicability of ultrasound in the optimization of low-cost feedstock – in this case waste cooking oil – in the transesterification conversion to biodiesel. It was found that the conversion efficiency of the waste oil using ultrasound was higher than with the mechanical stirring method. The optimized variables of 6:1 methanol/oil ratio at a reaction temperature of 30 °C and a reaction time of 30 min and 0.75% KOH (wt/wt) catalyst concentration was obtained for the transesterification of the waste oil via the use of ultrasound.

Suggested Citation

  • Omotola Babajide & Leslie Petrik & Bamikole Amigun & Farouk Ameer, 2010. "Low-Cost Feedstock Conversion to Biodiesel via Ultrasound Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 3(10), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:3:y:2010:i:10:p:1691-1703:d:9780
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Srivastava, Anjana & Prasad, Ram, 2000. "Triglycerides-based diesel fuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 111-133, June.
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    1. Gupta, Anilkumar R. & Rathod, Virendra K., 2018. "Calcium diglyceroxide catalyzed biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in the presence of microwave: Optimization and kinetic studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 757-767.
    2. Gude, Veera Gnaneswar & Grant, Georgene Elizabeth, 2013. "Biodiesel from waste cooking oils via direct sonication," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 135-144.
    3. Oza, Suvik & Kodgire, Pravin & Kachhwaha, Surendra Singh & Lam, Man Kee & Yusup, Suzana & Chai, Yee Ho & Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala, 2024. "A review on sustainable and scalable biodiesel production using ultra-sonication technology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    4. Veljković, Vlada B. & Avramović, Jelena M. & Stamenković, Olivera S., 2012. "Biodiesel production by ultrasound-assisted transesterification: State of the art and the perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 1193-1209.
    5. Sara Almasi & Barat Ghobadian & Gholam Hassan Najafi & Talal Yusaf & Masoud Dehghani Soufi & Seyed Salar Hoseini, 2019. "Optimization of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Biodiesel Production Process from One Genotype of Rapeseed (TERI (OE) R-983) as a Novel Feedstock Using Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-14, July.

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