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Modeling an Electrolyzer in a Graph-Based Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Buu-Van Nguyen

    (Delft Institute of Applied Mathematcis, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands)

  • Johan Romate

    (Delft Institute of Applied Mathematcis, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands)

  • Cornelis Vuik

    (Delft Institute of Applied Mathematcis, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands)

Abstract

We propose a linear electrolyzer model for steady-state load flow analysis of multi-carrier energy networks, where the electrolyzer is capable of producing hydrogen gas and heat. For our electrolyzer model, we show that there are boundary conditions that lead to a well-posed problem. We derive these conditions for two cases, namely with a known and unknown heat efficiency parameter. Furthermore, the derived conditions are validated numerically. Moreover, we investigate the extensibility of our model by including nonlinear models from electricity, gas, and heat. In this setting, we derived boundary conditions based on our previous findings. Due to the involvement of nonlinearity, it is a challenge to prove that the boundary conditions lead to a well-posed problem. Therefore, we simulated the electrolyzer connected with an electricity, gas, and heat system. Additionally, we considered a known and unknown heat efficiency parameter. The numerical results support that the linear electrolyzer model is solvable in a multi-carrier energy network.

Suggested Citation

  • Buu-Van Nguyen & Johan Romate & Cornelis Vuik, 2025. "Modeling an Electrolyzer in a Graph-Based Framework," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:729-:d:1584013
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zeng, Qing & Fang, Jiakun & Li, Jinghua & Chen, Zhe, 2016. "Steady-state analysis of the integrated natural gas and electric power system with bi-directional energy conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1483-1492.
    2. Jiang, Yunpeng & Ren, Zhouyang & Yang, Xin & Li, Qiuyan & Xu, Yan, 2022. "A steady-state energy flow analysis method for integrated natural gas and power systems based on topology decoupling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    3. Markensteijn, A.S. & Romate, J.E. & Vuik, C., 2020. "A graph-based model framework for steady-state load flow problems of general multi-carrier energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
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