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Advanced Single-Phase PLL-Based Transfer Delay Operators: A Comprehensive Review and Optimal Loop Filter Design

Author

Listed:
  • Bayan H. Bany Fawaz

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

  • Issam A. Smadi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

  • Saher A. Albatran

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

  • Ibrahem E. Atawi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

In recent years, several research works have addressed and developed the phase-locked loop (PLL) in single-phase grid-connected converters with different structures and properties. Each has merits and demerits, such as a complex structure, high computational burden, and slow transient response. This paper aims to comprehensively review advanced single-phase PLLs based on transport delay operators to realize signal orthogonality. A deep insight into the PLLs’ small-signal modeling, main characteristics, stability analysis, and loop filter design are provided in this paper. The main advantages and drawbacks are explained for each type of PLL in terms of different performance indexes, such as settling time, estimation error, and ripples in the estimated grid information. This paper also aims to provide optimal tuning and design of the loop filter gains from the large-signal model point of view, including all the nonlinearities, adopting the stochastic optimization method. All simulations are implemented using the MATLAB/Simulink 2018b environment to validate all theoretical analyses of this paper. The sampling and nominal frequencies are set to be 100 kHz and 50 Hz throughout all the simulation studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Bayan H. Bany Fawaz & Issam A. Smadi & Saher A. Albatran & Ibrahem E. Atawi, 2024. "Advanced Single-Phase PLL-Based Transfer Delay Operators: A Comprehensive Review and Optimal Loop Filter Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-44, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:2:p:419-:d:1319468
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Vasilis Giotopoulos & Georgios Korres, 2023. "Implementation of Phasor Measurement Unit Based on Phase-Locked Loop Techniques: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Issam A. Smadi & Ibrahem E. Atawi & Ammar A. Ibrahim, 2023. "An Improved Delayed Signal Cancelation for Three-Phase Grid Synchronization with DC Offset Immunity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Longyue Yang & Tian Cao & Huapeng Chen & Xinwei Dong & Shuyuan Zhang, 2022. "Robust Control and Optimization Method for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters Based on All-Pass-Filter Phase-Locked Loop in Weak Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-18, October.
    4. Issam A. Smadi & Hanady A. Kreashan & Ibrahem E. Atawi, 2023. "Enhancing the Filtering Capability and the Dynamic Performance of a Third-Order Phase-Locked Loop under Distorted Grid Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Angel Arranz-Gimon & Angel Zorita-Lamadrid & Daniel Morinigo-Sotelo & Oscar Duque-Perez, 2021. "A Review of Total Harmonic Distortion Factors for the Measurement of Harmonic and Interharmonic Pollution in Modern Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-38, October.
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