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Assessment of the Impact of Direct Water Cooling and Cleaning System Operating Scenarios on PV Panel Performance

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  • Krzysztof Sornek

    (Department of Sustainable Energy Development, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

Among the various renewable energy-based technologies, photovoltaic panels are characterized by a high rate of development and application worldwide. Many efforts have been made to study innovative materials to improve the performance of photovoltaic cells. However, the most commonly used crystalline panels also have significant potential to enhance their energy yield by providing cooling and cleaning solutions. This paper discusses the possibility of introducing a dedicated direct-water cooling and cleaning system. As assumed, detailed schedules of the operation of the developed direct water cooling and cleaning system should be fitted to actual weather conditions. In this context, different cooling strategies were proposed and tested, including different intervals of opening and closing water flow. All tests were conducted using a dedicated experimental rig. 70 Wp monocrystalline panels were tested under laboratory conditions and 160 Wp polycrystalline panels were tested under real conditions. The results showed that introducing a scenario with a 1-min cooling and a 5-min break allowed for proving the panel’s surface temperature lower than 40 °C. In comparison, the temperature of the uncooled panel under the same operating conditions was close to 60 °C. Consequently, an increase in power generation was observed. The maximum power increase was observed in July and amounted to 15.3%. On the other hand, considering selected weeks in May, July, and September, the average increase in power generation was 3.63%, 7.48%, and 2.51%, respectively. It was concluded that the division of photovoltaic installation allows reasonable operating conditions for photovoltaic panels with a lower amount of energy consumed to power water pumps.

Suggested Citation

  • Krzysztof Sornek, 2024. "Assessment of the Impact of Direct Water Cooling and Cleaning System Operating Scenarios on PV Panel Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:17:p:4392-:d:1469725
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rodrigo, Pedro M. & Gutiérrez, Sebastián & Micheli, Leonardo & Fernández, Eduardo F. & Almonacid, Florencia, 2020. "Optimum cleaning schedule of photovoltaic systems based on levelised cost of energy and case study in central Mexico," MPRA Paper 104173, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. You, Siming & Lim, Yu Jie & Dai, Yanjun & Wang, Chi-Hwa, 2018. "On the temporal modelling of solar photovoltaic soiling: Energy and economic impacts in seven cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1136-1146.
    3. Hernandez-Perez, J.G. & Carrillo, J.G. & Bassam, A. & Flota-Banuelos, M. & Patino-Lopez, L.D., 2020. "A new passive PV heatsink design to reduce efficiency losses: A computational and experimental evaluation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1209-1220.
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