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Rational Design of Electrolyte Additives for Improved Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Graphite Anodes: A Study of 1,3,6-Hexanetrinitrile

Author

Listed:
  • Hangning Liu

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

  • Lin Wang

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

  • Yi Cao

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

  • Yingjun Ma

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

  • Shan Wang

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

  • Jie Wang

    (College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
    Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • Haidong Liu

    (Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden)

Abstract

The construction of a thin, uniform, and robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the surface of active materials is pivotal for enhancing the overall performance of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). However, conventional electrolytes often fail to achieve the desired SEI characteristics. In this work, we introduced 1,3,6-hexanetrinitrile (HTCN) in the baseline electrolyte (BE) of 1.0 M LiPF 6 in Ethylene Carbonate/Dimethyl Carbonate (EC/DMC) (3:7 by volume) with 5 wt.% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), denoted as BE-FH. By systematically investigating the influence of FEC: HTCN weight ratios on the electrochemical performance of graphite anodes, we identified an optimal composition (FEC:HTCN = 5:4 by weight, denoted as BE-FH54) that demonstrated greatly improved initial Coulombic efficiency, rate capability, and cycling stability compared with the baseline electrolyte. Deviations from the optimal FEC:HTCN ratio resulted in the formation of either small cracks or excessively thick SEI layers. The enhanced performance of BE-FH54-based LiB is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect of FEC and HTCN in forming a robust, thin, homogeneous, and ion-conducting SEI. This research highlights the importance of rational electrolyte design in enhancing the electrochemical performance of graphite anodes in LiBs and provides insights into the role of nitrile-based additives in modulating the SEI properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Hangning Liu & Lin Wang & Yi Cao & Yingjun Ma & Shan Wang & Jie Wang & Haidong Liu, 2024. "Rational Design of Electrolyte Additives for Improved Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Graphite Anodes: A Study of 1,3,6-Hexanetrinitrile," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:13:p:3331-:d:1430526
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohammad Parhizi & Louis Edwards Caceres-Martinez & Brent A. Modereger & Hilkka I. Kenttämaa & Gozdem Kilaz & Jason K. Ostanek, 2022. "Determining the Composition of Carbonate Solvent Systems Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries without Salt Removal," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Marcin Krajewski & Chun-Hao Chen & Zhi-Ting Huang & Jeng-Yu Lin, 2022. "Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 Coated by Biomass-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots as Anode Material with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-13, October.
    3. Jong Hun Sung & Taewan Kim & Soljin Kim & Fuead Hasan & Sangram Keshari Mohanty & Madhusudana Koratikere Srinivasa & Sri Charan Reddy & Hyun Deog Yoo, 2023. "Li 3 PO 4 -Coated Graphite Anode for Thermo-Electrochemically Stable Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-11, August.
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