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Non-Integrated and Integrated On-Board Battery Chargers (iOBCs) for Electric Vehicles (EVs): A Critical Review

Author

Listed:
  • Fatemeh Nasr Esfahani

    (School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK)

  • Ahmed Darwish

    (School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
    School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Digital Technologies, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK)

  • Xiandong Ma

    (School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK)

  • Peter Twigg

    (School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Digital Technologies, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK)

Abstract

The rising Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions stemming from the extensive use of automobiles across the globe represent a critical environmental challenge, contributing significantly to phenomena such as global warming and the deterioration of air quality. To address these challenges, there is a critical need for research and development in electric vehicles (EVs) and their associated charging infrastructure, including off-board and on-board chargers (OBCs). This paper aims to bridge the gaps in existing review literature by offering a comprehensive review of both integrated and non-integrated OBCs for EVs, based on the authors’ knowledge at the time of writing. The paper begins by outlining trends in the EV market, including voltage levels, power ratings, and relevant standards. It then provides a detailed analysis of two-level and multi-level power converter topologies, covering AC-DC power factor correction (PFC) and isolated DC-DC topologies. Subsequently, it discusses single-stage and two-stage non-integrated OBC solutions. Additionally, various categories of integrated OBCs (iOBCs) are explored, accompanied by relevant examples. The paper also includes comparison tables containing technical specifications and key characteristics for reference and analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Fatemeh Nasr Esfahani & Ahmed Darwish & Xiandong Ma & Peter Twigg, 2024. "Non-Integrated and Integrated On-Board Battery Chargers (iOBCs) for Electric Vehicles (EVs): A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-40, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:2285-:d:1391238
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shahid Jaman & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Review on Integrated On-Board Charger-Traction Systems: V2G Topologies, Control Approaches, Standards and Power Density State-of-the-Art for Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-38, July.
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