IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v17y2023i1p216-d1311076.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Off-Gassing and Oxygen Depletion in Headspaces of Solid Biofuels Produced from Forest Residue Biomass

Author

Listed:
  • Kazimierz Warmiński

    (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńśkiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
    Centre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Klaudia Anna Jankowska

    (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńśkiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Bęś

    (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńśkiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski

    (Centre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland
    Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

As living standards improve worldwide, the demand for energy increases. However, climate changes and decreasing fossil fuel deposits have increased interest in renewable energy sources, including pellets produced from forest residues. This study aimed to compare changes in concentration of gases (CO, CO 2 , O 2 , volatile organic compounds—VOCs) in enclosed headspaces above pellets produced from deciduous (oak OA, birch BI) and coniferous (pine PI, spruce SP) dendromass and selected types of commercial pellets during their storage. The experiment measured the concentration of gas released from the pellets in storage daily for 14 days. The highest mean CO concentration was found for PI pellets (1194 ppm), and the lowest was for OA (63.3 ppm). Likewise, the highest CO 2 concentration was noted for PI pellets (4650 ppm), and the lowest was for BI (1279 ppm). The largest VOC amount was released in the headspace above PI (88.8 ppm), and the smallest was above BI (4.6 ppm). The oxygen concentration was the lowest as measured for PI (minimum 16.1% v / v ) and for SP (19.3% v / v ). The threshold limit value (8 h) for CO was exceeded for all the pellets under analysis and, in the case of CO 2 , only for PI after day 10 of incubation. The study findings are extremely important from a scientific (but mainly from a practical) perspective because of the safety of storing and transporting wood pellets. The knowledge of autooxidation processes in those biofuels can help organize their logistics and storage and result in proper warehouse ventilation and monitoring of noxious gases.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazimierz Warmiński & Klaudia Anna Jankowska & Agnieszka Bęś & Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski, 2023. "Off-Gassing and Oxygen Depletion in Headspaces of Solid Biofuels Produced from Forest Residue Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2023:i:1:p:216-:d:1311076
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/1/216/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/1/216/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Workson Siwale & Stefan Frodeson & Michael Finell & Mehrdad Arshadi & Carina Jonsson & Gunnar Henriksson & Jonas Berghel, 2022. "Understanding Off-Gassing of Biofuel Wood Pellets Using Pellets Produced from Pure Microcrystalline Cellulose with Different Additive Oils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Alakoski, Esa & Jämsén, Miia & Agar, David & Tampio, Elina & Wihersaari, Margareta, 2016. "From wood pellets to wood chips, risks of degradation and emissions from the storage of woody biomass – A short review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 376-383.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Baibhaw Kumar & Gábor Szepesi & Zoltán Szamosi & Gyula Krámer, 2023. "Analysis of a Combined Solar Drying System for Wood-Chips, Sawdust, and Pellets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Xiao He & Anthony K. Lau & Shahab Sokhansanj, 2019. "Effect of Moisture on Gas Emissions from Stored Woody Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Pedro J Lara Chaves & Julio Terrados Cepeda & Francisco J Gallego Alvarez & Manuel J Hermoso Orzáez, 2020. "Influence of Moisture, Temperature and Microbial Activity in Biomass Sustainable Storage. Special Focus on Olive Biomasses," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 25(3), pages 115-126, August.
    4. Miloš Gejdoš & Martin Lieskovský, 2024. "Overview of Health and Safety Risks in the Process of Production and Storage of Forest Biomass for Energy Purposes—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-18, February.
    5. Miguel-Angel Perea-Moreno & Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2018. "Sustainable Energy Based on Sunflower Seed Husk Boiler for Residential Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Promdee, Kittiphop & Chanvidhwatanakit, Jirawat & Satitkune, Somruedee & Boonmee, Chakkrich & Kawichai, Thitipong & Jarernprasert, Sittipong & Vitidsant, Tharapong, 2017. "Characterization of carbon materials and differences from activated carbon particle (ACP) and coal briquettes product (CBP) derived from coconut shell via rotary kiln," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1175-1186.
    7. Guo, Feihong & Chen, Jun & He, Yi & Gardy, Jabbar & Sun, Yahui & Jiang, Jingyu & Jiang, Xiaoxiang, 2022. "Upgrading agro-pellets by torrefaction and co-pelletization process using food waste as a pellet binder," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 213-224.
    8. Francesco Miccio & Elettra Papa & Annalisa Natali Murri & Elena Landi & Matteo Minelli, 2021. "Pressurized Steam Conversion of Biomass Residues for Liquid Hydrocarbons Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-12, February.
    9. Lasek, Janusz A. & Kopczyński, Marcin & Janusz, Marcin & Iluk, Andrzej & Zuwała, Jarosław, 2017. "Combustion properties of torrefied biomass obtained from flue gas-enhanced reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 362-368.
    10. Sahoo, Kamalakanta & Bilek, E.M. (Ted) & Mani, Sudhagar, 2018. "Techno-economic and environmental assessments of storing woodchips and pellets for bioenergy applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 27-39.
    11. Solarte-Toro, Juan Camilo & González-Aguirre, Jose Andrés & Poveda Giraldo, Jhonny Alejandro & Cardona Alzate, Carlos A., 2021. "Thermochemical processing of woody biomass: A review focused on energy-driven applications and catalytic upgrading," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    12. Lelis Gonzaga Fraga & José Carlos F. Teixeira & Manuel Eduardo C. Ferreira, 2019. "The Potential of Renewable Energy in Timor-Leste: An Assessment for Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-12, April.
    13. Zappa, William & Junginger, Martin & van den Broek, Machteld, 2019. "Is a 100% renewable European power system feasible by 2050?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 1027-1050.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2023:i:1:p:216-:d:1311076. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.