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The Potential of Renewable Energy in Timor-Leste: An Assessment for Biomass

Author

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  • Lelis Gonzaga Fraga

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa’e, Rua Formosa, 10, Dili, Timor-Leste)

  • José Carlos F. Teixeira

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Manuel Eduardo C. Ferreira

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

Abstract

This paper assesses the potential of biomass energy resources in Timor-Leste (TL). Although other renewable energy sources are mentioned in this article, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, bioenergy, including bioethanol and biogas, the main goal is to gather the data on biomass in TL and provide such data as useful information for a wide range of end-users. The current evaluation is based on various sources which include previous assessments on biomass and other renewable sources. The energy potential of biomass in TL apart that resulting from vegetation or flora and animals is also derived from agricultural waste, such as waste from rice, corn, and coffee. The analyses also include the contribution of agricultural waste, animal waste, and that from urban waste. The results from this article show that the potential of usable biomass energy in TL from forestry and agriculture is 1.68 × 10 6 toe/year, animal waste is 4.81 × 10 3 toe/year, and urban solid waste amounts to 9.55 × 10 3 toe/year. In addition, it is concluded that biomass alone can fully replace fossil fuels for electricity generation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lelis Gonzaga Fraga & José Carlos F. Teixeira & Manuel Eduardo C. Ferreira, 2019. "The Potential of Renewable Energy in Timor-Leste: An Assessment for Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:8:p:1441-:d:222844
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    Cited by:

    1. Sajid, Muhammad & Raheem, Abdul & Ullah, Naeem & Asim, Muhammad & Ur Rehman, Muhammad Saif & Ali, Nisar, 2022. "Gasification of municipal solid waste: Progress, challenges, and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Lelis Gonzaga Fraga & João Silva & José Carlos Teixeira & Manuel E. C. Ferreira & Senhorinha F. Teixeira & Cândida Vilarinho & Maria Margarida Gonçalves, 2022. "Study of Mass Loss and Elemental Analysis of Pine Wood Pellets in a Small-Scale Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-Escobedo & David Muñoz-Rodríguez & Alejandro Vargas-Casillas & José Manuel Juárez Lopez & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez & María Pilar Martínez-Jiménez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "Renewable Energies in the Agricultural Sector: A Perspective Analysis of the Last Three Years," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.

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    Keywords

    renewable energy; biomass; waste;
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