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Comparative Study on Lithium Recovery with Ion-Selective Adsorbents and Extractants: Results of Multi-Stage Screening Test with the Use of Brine Simulated Solutions with Increasing Complexity

Author

Listed:
  • Ewa Knapik

    (Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Rotko

    (Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Marta Marszałek

    (Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland)

  • Marcin Piotrowski

    (Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
    Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

Oil (and natural gas) field brines can be considered promising sources of lithium for the sustainable supply of a growing market. To date, many materials have been developed for direct lithium recovery from brines, but most often these materials have been tested under various conditions, what makes it impossible to compare them. The aim of this research is to provide knowledge that would enable the comparison and selection of effective sorbents for different types of brines. For this purpose, an eight-step experimental protocol was employed. The recovery tests started with a pure lithium solution (300 mg/kg), and then other salts were gradually added, resulting in a brine containing Li + (220 mg/kg), Na + (7.21 wt%), Ca 2+ (3.0 wt%) and Mg 2+ (1000 mg/kg). For selected cases, the effect of pH was also investigated. Fifty materials (including ion exchange resins, organophosphate extractants, mineral adsorbents) were examined, for which the distribution coefficient and lithium recovery were determined. Moreover, for the most promising materials, lithium over magnesium selectivity and lithium ion capacity were determined. Only γ-Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and MnO x -based powders keep their effectiveness in ultra-high salinity ranges and in the presence of high concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in alkaline solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewa Knapik & Grzegorz Rotko & Marta Marszałek & Marcin Piotrowski, 2023. "Comparative Study on Lithium Recovery with Ion-Selective Adsorbents and Extractants: Results of Multi-Stage Screening Test with the Use of Brine Simulated Solutions with Increasing Complexity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:7:p:3149-:d:1112316
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laurence Kavanagh & Jerome Keohane & Guiomar Garcia Cabellos & Andrew Lloyd & John Cleary, 2018. "Global Lithium Sources—Industrial Use and Future in the Electric Vehicle Industry: A Review," Resources, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-29, September.
    2. Grosjean, Camille & Miranda, Pamela Herrera & Perrin, Marion & Poggi, Philippe, 2012. "Assessment of world lithium resources and consequences of their geographic distribution on the expected development of the electric vehicle industry," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 1735-1744.
    3. Vikström, Hanna & Davidsson, Simon & Höök, Mikael, 2013. "Lithium availability and future production outlooks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 252-266.
    4. William T. Stringfellow & Patrick F. Dobson, 2021. "Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-72, October.
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